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ORBIS STULTORUM
D p{rutu{u u. @|sy s| y. S{|yr-}p~p {py~p ~uxpryt~s |wu~y }~y{r. Dyps~x. Quu. Spq|u{y.
Oq~r|u~: 25.07.2008 D syu yxrutu~y bouriac@yahoo.com
Bpyp~ ~p suu{} x{u (uurt `~~yp Axryyp): " š°ª° ±¶« ©š¶«"
1. Puty|ryu.
2. Brutu~yu.
3. X u s| .
4. Euru~~z q r }yu t p{r.
5. D p{y y |w.
6. D p{y y q|u}.
7. D p{y y r|p.
8. T} y yyu{p ~u~}p|~.
9. D p{y y {||u{yr.
10. T}~u yr t p{r.
11. D p{y yr }~.
12. D p{y uqu.
13. O{ tp quu }.
14. My }~.
15. X u }~y{.
16. S t~y }p.
17. T} y xtpr}|yu.
18. T} y } t.
19. T} y su~yp|~.
20. K | px }p.
21. T}~y{y y y~u||u{ p|.
22. Purt }~y{y.
23. I~u||u{ p|~u u.
24. X u t p{.
25. D p{y ~usy~u y ~u~usy~u.
26. Myrxxu~yu t p{p.
27. T} y {pup.
28. T}~u uty t p{r.
29. D p{y y rut p{y.
30. Tq|pwu~yu t p{r.
31. Bz~p t p{p}y.
32. D p{y y tpp.
33. D p{y y pu.
34. D p{y y ~p {p.
35. D p{y y qpxrp~yu.
36. D p{y y rur.
37. B ~tu{y~t.
38. D p{y y { | p.
39. D p{y y u|ysy.
40. D p{y y utrp }prz y~}pyy.
41. D p{y y |yy{p.
42. T} y ~p|utru~~.
43. Dy{y}y~py }~.
44. Kp{ rwy }~}.
45. Hp{|u~yu.
46. P|ry y sr{y t p{p y }~y{p.
47. Lyup p.
48. Py|wu~yu: D p{yx}.
1. Puty|ryu.
P-t p{y. D p{p}y. D| t p{r.
Kstp ~pp| y~ t p{r, ~u x~p| uu ~y
t~z {~ysy, xppsyrpuz u} . I tpwu ~u y}u| utpr|u-
~y, ~p{|{ t p{ p}. B uu pq r~y|,
q|u}p t p{r } y|p ~u t~s }u~, y }~syu ru|y{yu |ty wu
pry|y }{p} ry s ~u px}|u~y } rt . Nu-
{u yx }y ~pq|tu~yz {pxp|y rru ~u ~r}y, y y|
~prp r{y yp r rz u{ -- yx ptp~y { ~up~}
uturu~~y{p}.
2. Brutu~yu.
Kp{u {pur r|u q|uu x~py}} t| rwyrp~y |tuz
y u|ruurp r u|} -- }, } { |, |rp }, "r| {
r|py"? X- } ~u utpr|u r } t p}} rpw~}.
E|y {- t }pu, } -- s|pr~z p{ ~p ~-u~yu{s
sup, ~pt xp}uy, tp|u{ ~u p{. Psu tu|p,
{uu, ~u }~y{y, p uyp|yxyrp~~u su~yy -- r u|} ~u
qu~~ |ypyu }}, u|y ty {|yur rutp,
r us y ru{y} tywu~y}.
"Errare humanum est" --"Xu|ru{ rzru~~ yqp". A
t p{} -- wu u~ u|ru~. D p{ -- y u ~}p|~z
u|ru{. @ }~z -- {|~u~yu.
N u|y t p{ -- "~}p|~z u|ru{", u} |r
"t p{" r|u {qyu|~}? Npru~u, } wu, u}
{qyu|~ |rp " t", "|pqp{", "y}u~" y .,
q|y~r |tuz rru ~u {ppr, ~u y|py, ~u |ru
sysp~. Itup|~z u|ru{ -- {~u~, {pyrz, y|~z, }~z
y . ., tpwu t| t p{r. M~syu yx u, { yp,
p{z- ytup| t| ~y ~utywy}, u} ruy uq,
ytup| }p|rpwu~, }~yu|u~, ~uqxpu|u~, ~ q|y~r
|tuz q rpz~u wp|uu ru} ~ururyy ytup| y
} uty, {stp u} {pxrp ~p pwtu~yu ~y}.
Ix ru x~py} {pur u|ru{p } -- p}u ~uuryt~u.
M { | }w~ }u y p, |rp y|p y}uu u-
ryt~u r|u~y, xtru |us{ utu|u utr}
~u|w~ ut . Ly p~r|u~yu} ~p|yy }p u
x~pyu|~u t~y. Sp{ ~pxrpu}u y~u||u{ p|~u u
-- {uu, t| p~wyrp~y t p{r, u} t| rtu|u~y }~y{r.
Dpwu wyx~u~~z u -- y ~u {pxpu| y~u||u{p: {pu
u{p~ tu|p q y |u~}. @ u|y p{, , }wu q,
} -- {p{u- }u|{u yx|yur? Dp w, u~ ~p wu...
3. X u s| .
Ms q rtu|u~ |ut yu tuu{ }p:
|pqp }~ y qp }|u} }xsp;
~urp{p qqu~~ x~p~yz;
y|xrp~yu ~uu{yr~ qqu~~ x~p~yz;
}p|p u~yrp~~ y~u||u{p r uu~yy |w~ q|u};
ryu ~u{ ~ w~ xptp{r (rwtu~~
~p{|~~uz);
y|xrp~yu ~uu{yr~z pptys} }|u~y;
uyp|yxyrp~~: "~pp{p~~" ~p ty~ y|y ~u{|{
x{y {|pr xptp;
|yu y~u||u{ p|~u yr{y.
Bu uru~~ px|ypyu ruz ytu y ~u u~
u~ {u|y yu }uwt qz {purp, r|u~yu |qs yx
{ q~ ~pxrp s| .
Bx}w~u yy~ tuu{r }p:
uq~ su~yp;
ux}u~p ~uq|psy~ |ryz urrp~y;
ux}u~p q|psy~ |ryz urrp~y;
t ~u ryp~yu;
t ~u r|y~yu.
Ipry}p |y s| ? T ~up, su~uyu{y ~}p|~ y
xtr |tuz uu }w~ rpry q py~, ~ tu|p
u~ t~, p s|pr~u -- ~y{} ~u ~ w~: ux}u~s t p{p
}w~ xp}u~y ~p t p{p ~}p|~s, {p{y |~, p }~ y
qux s | q|u, u} ~pt.
4. Euru~~z q r }yu t p{r.
Xu~z u|ru{ rrxp| r |yy{ , y u} |}y|y uu
~p tu}~pyy, p yz ywyrp| t}p y | y|
t|w~, } ~y{} ~u }up|.
Htrs yxrp|y r p}y, y ~ syq ~p rz~u. @ q|~s
xpqp{rp|p }utyy~{p {}yy, y ~ rwy|.
Kpyr tur { yx~py|rp|y qp~ty y } qy|y, q
~u t~u|p. @ ~u{pyrp wyru y wpu tuuz -- s
q|~s, {z ~u p| ~p rz~ .
Sp{r }y t p{r. Npyq|uu q|psy~u |ry r ~u} -- t|
q|ptpu|uz ut~y {pur. B } y|u ut~us y~u||u{p.
D p{y yqy|y rz }y y}u~~ t| uq. A| q p~~
wytp ~y us- t ss.
5. D p{y y |w.
Lw -- t r~p yp t p{r. Pprtp y}y t~ ry~y}pu}p.
K } wu prt ~y q~ | p ~uy~y. @ r
{stp ~y s|p |w, stp ~y ru r t{u. Oq}p~,
u~y, y{yy -- u}u~, {} {u|u {~ {y
}yp t p{r.
B quru t p{r }yyu{y |wy|p y ttuwyrpu
yu}p tq~ y{yz. D p{y u} { |w~} u|}, ~
~ppr|u~yu y~stp | pu ~ w~u -- r r{} | pu, ~u
tuu yx rx}w~: u|y qur ~u syqpu, x~py, y{yy
rqp~ ru~.
^px} Qutp}{yz ("Prp|p s| y"): "... Ny{p{u q-
ur, ~y{p{p wyuz{p rx ~u q|y q y~}y y ~}y:
~pt ~u }s q t|s ~y rus s tp, sty~ -- pqp,
| wp~{p -- sw , yu| -- u~y{p, t s -- t sp, wu~p --
} wp y . t., u|y q ~y rxpy}~ ~u xpq| wtp|y, ~u yqusp|y {
|uy, ~u pty|y wy |pquz, ~u urp|y ty~ t~s }ut}
s| y."
6. D p{y y q|u}.
Nu |ut u wp|u t p{r, ptpy yxq{p q|u}:
q| p ry q|u} y t p{y xtp p}y, p p{wu
tqprp q|u} t s t s y|y yt }rp qyu -- ~p
r t p{ qpy.
D p{y tu| ~p ~rpr y {~urpr. T}~y{y wu
tu| ~p ~rpr y {~urpr. T}~y{y-~rp q
~u }u~} {~urpyx}} t p{r, p }~y{y-{~urp --
~u }u~} t p{y} ~rpr}. Xu|ruu{yz }y ur~~
pq tu~, } }~y{y ~u urp uu{p y~yypyr
t p{r y ypr| y |utry.
7. D p{y y r|p.
Rut~yu y tpwu }y~y}p|~u q~y
y tsr{p tp~ t| y|~u~y ru
(y|y q|y~rp) ~{yz {rtrp.
@. Hy~rur. "K}} ~yx} {p{ up|~"
(s|. "Kpuyx}").
B|p q~ ~u y~pt|uwy }~}, rtu q ~y }s
| u t }rp q uu xprpp. E|y }~z ru}u~~
rpu { r|py, ~ ru pr~ r~ wtu~ y}u~ uu ~p
t p{yz }p~u, } -- t| t p{r.
My y~pt|uwy t p{p}. B ~u} tpu up|yxpy |y u
q|y u{r, {u pyp~ ~p t p{r.
D p{y pr ry} }y} p}y. T}~u q~ xpurp stu-
r ~yw~uz uy yp|~z |u~y. Nuut{ ~y y rru yxqusp
rrrp -- pty quxp~y.
D p{y r|~u }s t|su ru} urrp qux }~ -- t
{rtr} }u~uu s| ry qpur, ppxyy ~p u
tywu~y, {u quuy|y y} }~u.
Dy{p p }~, {~u~, u~ wu|pu|~p -- q ~p ru}.
Npru~u, ~p tpwu }s|p q tuwp t|s, ~ ~u ryty
qp uu xtp.
T}~y{y rru ~u pr| "y~u||u{p ~pyy", p{ {p{ tp|u{
~u ru yx ~y rt r y| |y, y~y}py uu~y y|y
rpqprpy y{ pp~u}u ytuy. Hp r y|
{pxp~~ |y rty }~wur qz{y t~pp{pry t p{r.
@. Hy~rur ("K}} ~yx} {p{ "R ru~yu} p~sp {rtyu|uz yty (...) ~ywu~yu
y~u||u{ p|~s u~yp|p, r~ { | , r~ uy-
~p|~y.(...) I}u, t~p{, qu|rp, {}u~y yu
u~tu~y. Puru -- ~p|yyu s}~ pr }~y{r,
uuu~r, xp}uyu|uz, p p{wu {| ppyy px|y~s tp
uwtu~yz. Pyu} u} ru p~s {rtyu|, u} q|u s p,
up|yx p us {rtr. Npy}u, t{|pt, ypu}u { ~}y
{rtyu|}y, pr| ~}y {rp|yyyrp~~ |tuz.
Rp}y {rtyu|y, ypyu ry t{|pt, ~u |{ ~u q~
y ~pyp, ~ r q|y~ru | pur tpwu |{} r ~y
pxqp."
Pyy~ s, r|p ~pty uy} ur r {p
t p{r:
1) ut{ }~y{r: {stp rx~y{pu ~uqty} r ttuw{u
~ t ss }~y{p, q~ ~y t~s ~u {pxrpu
t};
2) ty{}~ |wu~y }~y{r uty t p{r: t|~y-
u|~u yxtuw{y ~p }p{yr{ ; ~uq~ rs|tu
t| t p{r r|~u ry};
3) pq t~ {|ptp }xsr }~sy }~y{r: ~uq~
y }~y{r |wyu|~ r| uq r q~ ~u |y{}
|w~ tu|p;
4) yxrpu~~ }~sy }~y{r: ~uq~ ut|u
~u r|uu~y; rpwtuq~u ~u~yu yxrpu~~ }~y{r
{ }~y{p} xtpr}|y};
5) urrp~yu urt }~y{r; y trysp r r|p tq-
t~u t p{y, u}yu { } , q pry|y }~y{y;
6) { }~y{r r ~u~pp|ru~~u ryt tuu|~y: y|ut-
rp~y, u{yrp~yu, uuyxyrp~yu, twuru~~u
rur y . t.;
7) yxyu{yu ~utp{y }~sy }~y{r, xp t~yu y} try-
wu~yu r |ytu ( } xpp pxryrpu {p{ {}u~py
{p{y- ~urys~ {pur).
8. T} y yyu{p ~u~}p|~.
T qp{ry -- ry yyu{yu q|u}, t p{r -- ry.
Arp }putyu t p{y, qrp }putyu }~y{y. Bu},
" }putyz t p{" xr y |, } | u sry y-
yu{y q|~, p ~u }puty. D p{y xpq|urp s|rz
yx-xp ~uq~y "uurpy" ry} { t~} }} |w~y
rus |wu~y, }~y{y -- yx-xp ~~s pr}yrp~y y
t p{p}y y yx-xp uu~pwu~y r }ru~~z pqu.
@||p~ Kptu{ ("K~ysp t r", Brutu~yu, XV):
"Dp x~p |y, {|{ qux }ur y }p~{r q| yxrutu~
}pu}pyu{y}y, } x{p|~}y, y|{y}y y t sy}y y|utrp-
~y}y? (...) Qpqp}y yxyu{y}y |ty {p|up uqu {y y ~sy,
{yu ty }pu|~s tuzry; y~u||u{ p|~}y
pqp}y |ty {p|up uqu }xs, {yz u tyu }|y. (...)
Lqz ryt ux}u~z }ru~~z tuu|~y }wu r|u xp
q }puryu: ~p {y, y{ rp, p}p u|ysy pr|u
r t| r t}p }p|yu~~."
Hp ~ ry }~y{r ~uut{ y~y}p yyu{y q|~
"pq~y{r }ru~~s tp", q} }} ~u |ypy,
p p{wu su~yur t~q{ pxryz yy{z.
Ruty }~ }~s yyu{y q|~, ~ uty t p{r p{y
spxt q|u. Oq rpwu~~u t p{y -- |ysu~, tuqy|,
yty -- yx~p~~u qu{ yypyy.
T}~z -- q|ywpzyz {p~tytp r ~urpu~y{y. Es u~ p
pxtpwp. O~ ~u wyru -- ~ uy t p{r. O~ yxsz, "r~ -
u~~yz }ysp~", ~up~u ur yx t ss }yp, | pz~
xpqu~~u r }y t p{r y ~u x~puu, {p{ yx ~us rqp.
^px} ("Prp|p s| y", s|. XXXI):
"Kp{yu |ty pu rus ~p|psp|y ~p uq {y, uyry
up|}y wyx~y? Nu u |y, {u q|ywu rus |y { } ty?"
Mw~ rtu| ~u{|{ r~uz |w~y y~u||u{p. Purz
ruut~yz ru~ }ru~~s pxryy tr|~ rutu~ t|
yy{y: tysyz us u|ru{ pxtpwpu ~uruu~r}
}yp, wyx~ us urppu r |~ { . O~ |yq
yqupu yyu{ q|ux~, |yq tpu y ~py~pu wy
"{p{ ru", |yq ~p{|ptrpu ~p uq {y, |yq uuty ~p
|ut u~ pxryy }p, |yq } y tp|u. Np rz
u~y u|ru{ yqupu , ~pxrp y|{y}
~u~yu} { wyx~y: ~py~pu {z~ ~y { s| y,
p~ry tqt ~}, y~y~}, {z~}, ~up{yr~},
{rpu ru y~u||u{ p|~u urtr. ^ rz ru~
q|psyu~ t| xtr, ~ {puu ~u qr u. Suyz
ru~ -- ru~yu y{ rp }p~y |yrp t p{p}y:
y|xrp y |pqy, wtp, tpr| y spy
t p{yu y~yypyr |pq}y "u~}y" rxtuzry}y.
9. D p{y y {||u{yr.
Ry|~u p{z wu uuru~~z ~uqty}
u} pxzy, {p{ |pqu zy.
Uyty Nyu. "K su~up|syy }p|y".
T}~u t| tywu~y y|syu{s {}p ~ wtp r
{||u{yru r }u~uz uu~y, u} t p{y. K } wu ~y y|~
pxqpr|u~ t p{p}y, y y} t~uu ty uqu tq~}y. P
y} yy~p} }~u -- rustp r pxx~u~~} |pq} }u~y~ru.
D p{y wu pt~. O~y ~ qyrp r { y. D p{ rr u
uq {}~ |{ r {}p~yy uqu tq~. "K||u{yr~}
}}" ~ pu {}u~yrp ~utp{ }p qru~~s.
Pu} }~u u} { ty~ur , p t p{y -- { {}p~yy?
T}~u ~u |{ y ty~urp, {|{ yxqusp xtprpu}z
t p{p}y u. @. Yu~sp ("@yx} ...", s|. 2): "Xu|ru{
}~z q tu uwtu rus u}y yxquwp r{s s, tq
{zryu y t s; ~ q tu y{p yz, {}~z wyx~y, y
{z q us ~u sp|y, p } , y ~u{} x~p{}ru
p{ ~pxrpu}}y |t}y, ~ p~ry rz rq ~p xp}{~ z
wyx~y, p y q|} }u -- ~p |~} ty~uru. But u}
q|u u|ru{ y}uu r uqu, u} }u~u }s tp u} t syu
|ty. B u} y~u||ysu~~ yrty { ~uqyu|~y."
10. T}~u yr t p{r.
T}~y{y ryt }y |~} t~uz, p~uz y rpyu|-
~ ~uypry} t p{r.
T}~z |us{ pr|u tr }-u} t p{p}y. N {stp ~y
~prp|yrp ~p ~us {}, ~ quy|u~. Hp t p{r -- r
yp|~p yu}p: s tpru~~u uwtu~y, xp{~, }p|,
u|ysy y . t. Kyy{rp ru t p{r px -- x~py qu
uq ~p p{yx}. Npptp |ut u |{ ~p {~{u~ utp-
ryu|uz z {pusyy spwtp~, yu} ~p |pq r|uz, ~u tp-
|yr, ~u u~ wp| u} uty t sy t p{r. I {yy{rp y
~pt p{, q t syu t p{y ~u tsptp|y rpu} ~u~yy {
t p{p} rqu. P{p }~y{p sx {p{s-~yq t r{-
pr|u~~s |~s t p{p {~pu rustp u}, sxp
}~y{p.
R| pu, }~u t wp t p{p}y, wu~ ~p t p. @ {p{ y}
uu p, u|y u y t wy, y |qy, p r{ s y
| t p{y?
R t p{p}y r|~u }w~ urrp qux q|y q|u}. N
~pt q q qp{ry}, q { ~y} yqy.
@. Yu~sp ("@yx} ...", s|. 5): "`~z } uty s| r
tqu~ u|ru{ , {s p yt pry|~, stp {p{ ru
st{yu p pr|u~ ~uru~. O~ ty~ x~pu ~puu ru-
}, ~ u} s? -- ru st wyru ~uru~ pr-
|u~~} pp}, r } y|u tpwu , { x~pu, |{ us
p {pxrp ru~u ru}."
11. D p{y yr }~.
- R, r }~z u|ru{!
- Nu, ~ tp~ qpwp, q px~p
}~s u|ru{p.
Ix y|}p "L u~ @pryz{yz".
Oqu tr|ryu t| t p{r -- ~pxrp t p{p}y }~.
P {y }~ ~uut{ t p{p} ~u ~~, p px ~u~~u --
x~py, ~upry|~u, t p{yu. D p{ ypu t p{} r{s,
{ p wtpu ~u p{, {p{ ~. @ q|uu }~}, u} ~ p}, t p{
yx~pu s, { qpwpu r us wu t p{z }p~uu, ~
quu y q|u: y, s, { q|u |ty s| uz.
I~pu sr, uty t p{r yp }~}y |{ u, {
q~ up yx~prpu}u t p{p}y q|u}, y|x yx~p-
rpu}u t p{p}y q.
Kp{ yxru~, t p{p}y ~pxrp|y ytr~ r, ~uut{ |tuz
rru ~u s| . Nu{u }~y{y utyp q }u~}y,
q yxquwp ~u~pryy { wpy.
Ptry~ u |r{yu t p{y p}pyrp }~ {p{ utr. O~y
}s yx~prp y urtr r uu~yy y~u||u{ p|~
xptp y y|xrp y {pur r ry t p{y u|.
Mp| t p{r rpqp|p {u-{p{yu xpy~u yu} yr
|y{} }~. Puwtu rus, r{p u~{p p{y {pur,
{p{ {}~ y ~ytyu|~.
12. D p{y uqu.
D p{y, {p{ pry|, p{r}y uq ~u yp. K t p{p} ~y
~ uu q|y t p{r, u} ~y p}y, p p{wu ~u ~~
y} }~y{r, y}uy p~~u y~uu. D p{, yx~pyz r
sp~yu~~, -- pry|~z, yz, r|~u yu}|u}z t|
}~y{r t p{. N p{z t p{ rupu ut{. ^, q|u q
p{y t p{r!
13. O{ tp quu }.
@yu| ("P|yy{p", {~. 8, IV.2): "Uyxyu{u ~pwu~yu
ur u pxryy }p, ~pwu~yu }ru~~u -- pxryy
u|p."
Htru} y yyu{z ~usyuz t p{y q~ ~u p
}~} y|y tpwu urt y, } ~uut{ } pxryrpu
{p{ {}u~py |pqs xtr y|y }p|z yyu{z
r~|yry.
Kp{ pry|, } }y u r ~u tpp, r qqu ~uq|ps-
y~}y qu|rp}y, ~ |{ y |ryy, t~y
~u ~p|{ ru|y{y, q s~up }ru~~ tuu|~;
pu ru} }|yrp ytuu y y{p uu~y q|u}.
Np|utru~~z p{ ~u y}uu upus x~pu~y r pxryyy
}p, p t p{y y|u~~ }up uutpu }p uux ryp~yu.
14. My }~.
Npt |y u}y tu|p ru }~y{p}y? Ms |y }~y{y
qpxrp wyx~uq~u qur?
T} }~yu|u~, |us{ y}yy u}, su~uyu{y ~u ru} t u~
y { } wu pxryrpu ~u px , p ~p {|~u |u q~ |pquu.
P} }~} ~u tp xtp p}ryxrtuu qur,
r {} ~y q t}y~yrp|y. @ u|y q ~y us y xtp|y --
~p {{yz }uw { ru}u~y -- {pxp| q }p|y|u~~u
|pqrxp~~u {|u~yu y~tyryt p|yr, {u t p{y, rx}-
w~, pxs}y|y q uu t s, {p{ ~ r| q r y| .
E|y }~y{y tu|p ur uu qur ~u{|{ q|uu
q|ps| ~}, } r ~u} ruru~~ ~u{|{ tuspty u,
{|{ ~ }y u y ttuwyrpu r ~r~} qqz
q|u}p}y. K~u~, }w~ q py ttuwyrp y~u||u{
utr} y{ ru~~ u~yr~ q|u}, ~ r quru
t p{r q|y~r q|u} {p{ px y r| y{ ru~~}y --
~u~p}uu~~}y wtu~y}y t p{r. Dp|uu, q|u}p t|w~p
} y, y~pu ~u q tu y} |p uu up. H~py, r q|ps| ~}
quru us u~yr~}y q|u}p}y |ty t|w~ q t
} y yq|yxyu|~ p{ wu, {p{ y r ~uq|ps| ~}. N stp
r u} wu us q|ps| yu? @ u|y }~y{y xtpt uyp|~
~uq|ps| ~u qur, stp u} qur q tu | u
~~u~us qurp t p{r? K~u~, ~uq|ps| yu ~uq|ps| -
y x~, ~ pxqp r tq~ tup| -- |y{}
|w~ t| }us }p.
T}~y{y, {p{ pry|, ~u q~ }~s xp~y}p t~qpx~}
t} (~y yxyu{y}, ~y }ru~~}). P} qur, uu
uy} uru~~ yx }~y{r, }wu urrp |y y |ryy
x~pyu|~z xp}u~ t~qpx~s u|ruu{s tp }py~~}.
@ {|{ p{p xp}u~p u~yu{y {p ~urx}w~p, y }~y{r
r ~puu ru} uq u ~u u~ }~s. I t|w~ q ~u
q|u, u} y}uu t| ~y "yp|~ |uz". Nuyu~~u
}~y{y p~ t| qurp. O~y qyrp |{ u~
|upyur: yt }rp yxrpu~~u pxr|uu~y, tqyrp ~p
ur|yy.
Np{~u, u|y u~ }~sy |tuz t~ ~p ru~ ~~u~y
}~, rx}w~, q tu y , ~, {uu rus,
r uu q|uu }~u, { ~~u~yu }~y{y wu q t
yp t p{p}y.
15. X u }~y{.
Bx}w~u q~u~y u~}u~p }~y{r:
1) qz tryt rytp Homo Saiens;
2) q|ux~:
su~uyu{p: ~u{u yy~u su~uyu{u ~p u~yu, rtu
q|ux~y Dp ~p;
~p|utru~~p: ~u rtu su}y|yy;
yqupu}p: ~u r t~} t pp~zuz, pq |yuz,
~urpu~yuz y .;
3) ptppy: yq|u~yu { uyyu{y} |ry} qyp~y,
{}u~py ~utp{r rus sp~yx}p;
4) yyz~ {|ptrpuu pxtu|u~yu ~{yz: qur ~ w~
y t p{y, y }~y{y, yu} r ~u{z yy ({pwtp
{pusy -- t| utu|u~~ |uz).
Ry~~y} |r " }~z": qp{ryz, s|rpz, }u{p|yz,
qutrz, qpxyu|~z, |{rz.
Puxyu|~u y~~y} |r " }~z": p~z y~u||ysu~,
qpxrp~~z, yq{ sp}~z.
T}~z |qy p{y~ }xsp}y p}, stu t p{ ~u ryty q-
|u}. O~ yx~pu, }~syu }~uu us. O~ ~yus ~u y~y}pu
~p ru , tty {yyu{y { |q} pryu .
O~ ~u |qy p "{p{ ru".
O~ x~pu, }y pty{p|~ ~u uutu|p, y {yyu{yu }|y
utypu tuwp y uqu.
O~ ~u |qy q r |u, u~y uty~u~yu.
O~ ypu ~u |y{} }~s, py ru} ~u |{ ~p x~p{}-
r wy}y ytu}y, ~ y ~p rpq{ qru~~.
Oq~ ~ tqyrpu r wyx~y {u-{p{s up ru ut~us.
O~ pu |u~yr, u} ~usyu~. Nuut{ y~u||u{ pxryrpu {p{
{}u~py ~utp{p yyu{z ~usyy. Nuut{ quxtuu|-
~ }~y{p wtpu us uy}yx}} y ~uruqrp~~.
Kp{ pry|, ~ ~u yxu~y{, ~u }p~{ y ~u |y{} rpwu~-
~z yp, {|{ } xr|u ttuwyrp r s|ru
{u-{p{z t{.
"T}~z" -- ~u x~py " pyz q|uu rst~ t| uq y t|
qurp, u} t p{". Arpu } tu {yr~z, rut~z. A|z
} }wu up yxrpu~~} ~pq} y~y~{r. Np ~ppr-
|u~~ pq }p r|yu ~yu t sy {}~u~r yy{y,
~yu sp~yx}p r u|}.
Arpu } ru{y qu|t~z. ^ rru ~u x~py, ~
qu|ux~z: ~ }wu q y|~}, {pwu}, r {yy{u.
Muwt }~}y y t p{p}y u {puru~~u px|yy, ~ r utu-
|p {pwtz yx y tr s y}u x~pyu|~u rpypyy --
ruru~~ | u~~} x~p~y}, |y~} , ry~z
y~u||u{ p|~z ptyyy, yyu{z }~y.
Bx}w~, ~uqty}} y tp~} yx~p{} }~s u|ru{p
r|u us q~ s|py |ut y}y y~yp}y:
1. Lqp yy~p }wu |u pu|~z ru{y {pxp |w
y|y uqrp ~u~yz.
2. S, q|y~r ypu pry|~}, tp|u{ ~u rustp
r|u p{r} ~p p}} tu|u.
3. Ouryt~u ruy y~stp {pxrp y||xy}y.
4. Kp{yu- ruy yty y~y}p ~p ru , ~ ~pt q
sr} }~y r u} st~.
5. Oq~ | u ~utu~yrp ry rx}w~y, u} uuu~y-
rp y.
6. Ny{stp ~u |ut u yp u|ru{p t p{}, ~ustu} y|y
}puty} |{ xp , ~ t }pu y/y|y tuzr u ~u
p{, {p{ r. N }w~ txurp .
7. Np y u} - |ux~} y~stp qrpu rx}w~ tpwu
t p{r, ~ustur y }puty.
8. Ny{stp ~u |ut u y rrtp}y, u|y s ~u
uq qu|rp.
9. Quu~yu {p{z-~yq t q|u} ~uut{ wtpu {p{yu-~yq t
t syu q|u}, ~ ~u rustp q~p wyrpu px .
T}~y{y qrp ~u y ~u~u. Nu~u -- }|tu
}~y{y, ~u su~~u wyx~u~~}y rup|u~y}y y {~yw~}y
rutu~y}y.
Rq~ yrp ~uuryt~u p{ ~u r|u }~-
|yuz }~. E|y t p{ | y| qpxrp~yu, yryrpuu ~pr{y
ry{yrp~y "{ r|y~yz", ~ wu q tu q|uu-}u~uu u~
y rr|. N u|y ~ ~u | y| p{s qpxrp~y, ~ y ~u
xptxy q y urrp~yy. @ }~z }wu { y y
p}u|~.
Lyp }ru~~s tp -- ~u qxpu|~ }~y{y; }~y{y -- ~u
qxpu|~ } tu; } tu -- ~u qxpu|~ |tryu pr;
|tryu pr -- ~u qxpu|~ |t , ~p |x
qur .
Nu{u rx}w~u yx~p{y }p:
t ur~p rryu|~;
~uq{p ~up~tp~ rutu~y;
~u rpr|u}p ~p{px sr~ u~uqu u~{z
{ wpy;
~u{px~z y~uu { }~u~y} t sy }~y{r.
E xp}upu|~z uyp| "Cu" ("Highlander") -- qu-
}u~ (D ~{p~p Mp{Lp tp y y) q|uy} @typ~} P|}
(Adrian Paul) r s|pr~z |y. T}~y{y tq~ qu}u~} yx s
y|}p:
~y | p | pz~;
~y ~u }s uutp r qu~~ tu};
~y wt } }u~} y r~ wtu~ {rp ~y r
~;
~y px~p t s t sp r }pu |tuz;
~y q~ ~u |pt t s t s};
~y wyr u~ t|s (t~y "t r~", t syu "u|u~") y ~u
pu;
}~syu yx ~y ~uypry} ~;
u yx ~y, { ry|y uq r ru} q} {puru,
ptp t ~pq|tu~yu;
~y q|ptp {u-{p{y}y uy} urp}y uut }y
}u~}y, ~ r u|} ~y ~u p|yruu y.
T}~y{y -- y qz ~, uru~~ |ypyz
"~r~s" ~ptp r x{u, qpxu wyx~y, rxxu~y ~p }y
y {|~~z xprty {~p{ uy} uru~~ uty "ry".
T}~y{-uruu ~pru~{p q|ywu { }~y{ -{ypz , u} { ru}
uuru~~} t p{ : t r~u tr {pxrpu y|~uu
trp {ry.
16. S t~y }p.
T}~z u|ru{ ~u qu~ { t|yu|~} t~qpx~} t ,
~u uq u} y|yz y~u||u{p. O~ yx~rpu p{z pq,
~py~pu y{p q ~uu {|~y, y|y tu|p uu
~u~ w~z, y|y {p{- py~p|yxyrp. B qu}, {pu t
~pp|r y px|pspu {||u{yr.
T}~} u~ ~uy~ ~yty t r~ }|u~y t p{r.
K}u s, u} t~ ryxrty t p{ }p~u }|u~y:
t us t p{ tt }rpu px , }~} tpu |y |u
s, {p{ ~ utpry uq t p{} y rztu r |. P}
q|y} }~y{p} t~ pqp w ~p|yp}y r }pr spxup
y rut y}y r |~ u|uuutpp.
E|y t p{, {} r wyx~y ~u rux| r py |y~ {pur
y/y|y r~u~y qu|r, q~ ~y{|{ ~u uuwyrpu
} rt , } ~u x~pv, ~p{|{ us qtu|y|y
ytp y qur, }~y{ r p{} wu |wu~yy ptpu ~u
|{ ~uruxu~y, ~ y x~p~y s, u} ~u rux|,
u ptpu BDBOJNE.
Ap{ry} pu, u} ~ut }{ , yty |sp. O~ r~ wtu~
{rp ru y~u||u{ p|~u urtr -- {p{ {rp
tr y|y ~uy~ tup| qyspyy. Mw~ {pxp: }~z
u|ru{ -- u|ru{ |wyrz. O~ |wu pty p}p~u~y, p ~u
pty {p{z- t|~yu|~z rst.
T}~y{ ~uut{ pp{uyx u ~ywu~~z q~ { tu-
u|~y. G| Q}~ yu su~up|u Cp}u|u~u, {}p~trpru}
~}y y|p}y Up~yy r 1940 st , t~} yx s|pr~
ry~r~y{r pwu~y uu r rz~u Cu}p~yuz: "O~ y~pt|uwp| {
y| u |tuz, y~u||u{ p|~p y|p | {ty~y u
y q~ tuzrrp. Rrx yz { }uwt y}y tr }
q~}y y|y |~ r u, y|y u~ |pq. Xu}
q~u ~utp{ r~ u~~uz uutpy? Puwtu rus
x~pyu|~} ~utp{} r|y: p{y |tuz ~u r|urs y
tuzru~~s u}|u~y { } , r|u ut}u} y
px}|u~yz. N, {}u s, uu r|u ux |p} pp
uut p}y} tuzryu} y |utry}y, {u ~ }wu
rxrp." ("Spz~p Cp}u|u~p" r {~ysu "O u, { utp| Up~y",
M.,1940, . 367)
Bx}w~, y~u||u{ pxryrpu r uq r|u. Bx}w~ -- {p{
{}u~py ry r|y. (I ~pq: pxryyu r|y -- r
uq y~u||u{ y|y {p{ {}u~py us ry). Ou~
u{yr~}y qrp p yx r|urs tuu| y |pqr|~s
}|yu| -- y s|pru~ru r|urs.
Sp{y} qpx} | pu, }~s, ~ ~u r|urs u|ru{p,
(p q|y~r }~y{r, -ryty}} , p{r) pry ~pp|~y{}
~u |ut u, p r|urs, ~ ~u u~ }~s }w~ tu|p ~pp|~y-
{} |y r } | pu, u|y ~ x~pu r y~u||u{ p|~
uq~ y ~ y| yrpu { q|uu qp{ry}.
T}~z ~u rustp tuzr u y}p|~: ~p {puru~~u uu~yu
ru q|u}, rx~y{py uut |t}y, ~u rpy ~y{p{s }p.
T}~z ~uut{ tuzr u tpwu }u~uu u{yr~, u} t p{.
Pyty |ut uz yy~u. D p{ {|~u~ p
p~tp~ -- {p{ ru t p{y. D p{yu p~tp |wy|y r
ux |pu "uuru~~s qp" y r|~u quuyrp {u-{p{u
q|ps| yu u|y ~u {pwt} t p{ r tu|~y, q
t p{ ut~upyyu{} -- {~u~, u|y p~
|ry, r { y p~tp {|ptrp|y. T}~z ~u x~pu
t p{y p~tpr, y|y ~u truu y}, y|y quxs u y}y. O~
tuzr u -ru} -- y ~uut{ | pu tyz ux |p, u}
u|y q {yrp| t p{p.
Kp{ tuzr u t p{? Sp{ wu ...
{p{ tuzr t syu t p{y t} ~y};
{p{ u{}u~t yxru~u u} t p{yu pry|p;
{p{ ru u y|y {pxrpu |y~} y}u} ~u{yz t p{yz
pryu;
{p{ u, ~pq } ( u {p{ t{pxrpu t p{p
y~ yy y|y {p{ y~uu).
Kp{ tuzr u }~z?:
{p{ ~u{yz t sz }~y{ -- pryu uty }~y{r, rusp-
u}z qur};
{p{ u{}u~t u ~u{u ~uyxru~u t p{p} pry|, yx|wu~~u
r }~z {~ysu;
yr|w~ t p{p} -- yx y~s rrp yruy;
{p{ {pxrp us qru~~u qpwu~y;
{p{ t p{.
T}~z urty t p{p r q~y { y~tyryt p|~z ptpp-
yy, ~ r ~~ |ry p q~ r|u
qu|ux~z, p r {||u{yr~z ptppyy t p{y ~uut{ {pxrp-
u~uu }~, } , y|x }ut s q q y |p-
xp y~}py p}y ry qpur, ~y }s ~pp|{yrp
~p uu~y, t { ~y xp ~u tp| q tqp u}
p wtu~yz, ~pq|tu~yz y w~ {uy}u~r.
17. T} y xtpr}|yu.
Htpr}|yu -- tp|u{ ~u wu, y }. Htpr}|y} }wu
q y t p{ -- u|y ~ pry|~ ryp~ y { } wu ppu.
Kpur, yr|w~u xtpr}|y, -- pq tyx}. O~ qrpu
tr px~ryt~uz: 1) ru yz, p}tr|~z, }w~ {pxp,
ptu{rp~z pq t~z utu qyp~y rus ~yu|; 2) q|ux~u~-
~z, spu}z utz.
Ix-xp qy|~z y~u||u{ p|~z p{yr~y t p{r y}uu }u
~u{p |w~ u}y~p}y, rpwpy}y {purp }p. U-
}p|~ "xtpr}|y" ~pt q yrpry " }puryu", ~
" }puryu" -- y~~y} "yyu{z q|ux~y", p "yyu{p
q|ux~" }wu r{|p r uq ~u |{ ruwtu~yu }|u~y --
" }p" (~ ~pru~{p rustp q ~u}~s xpturpu y }|u~yu --
y|y pwpu ~p ~u}). B wu ru} pq ty }wu q
yyu{y r|~u ~}p|~} u|ru{}, rus |y ryry}
uq~u }|yu|~u pptys} y/y|y uq~u qqu~~u
utpr|u~y. Puqrp r y{ ru~~z "yruuru~~z"
utu, ~ tpwu }wu uz r|~u rurrp ry}y
utpr|u~y}y y ~pr{p}.
Htpr}|yu -- ptu{rp~ up|y}. N up|y} xtpr},
uuru~~}. B }yu }puty xtpr}|yu tu|pu u|ru{p
~uptu{rp~}. "Lty qux }~, y | quu pry|, ~u
q qux }u} q| q wu rus tp qux }yu}." (A|ux Pp{p|.
"M|y", 414)
T} p|pspu { xtpr}|y, ~ ~u spp~y u us.
18. T} y } t.
R{pxp, r }yu }p| } t |tuz, --
x~py p{yu{y ~yus ~u {pxp, yq |{
yx-xp y ut{y ~y y xp| wyrp {pxp~~u
~pxrp~yu.
Dpryt _}. "O ty~ru y ~yx}u~~y
u|ruu{z yt".
M t -- r{p uu~ xtpr}|y. O~p rru ~u
uq u }s us }p. A|uu s, ~p py r|u us p|-
u~pyrz. E|y } r|u r q~y up q|u},
} t -- r q~y ~y {|~. Qux |p r
qy | p ty~p{rz. D p{ q } t} ~u }wu: t|
{|~u~y q|u} ~ w~p ~u{p y~u||u{ p|~p syq{.
Mw~ yp, } t -- qu ~yu, qp
~pu~~ }p.
19. T} y su~yp|~.
Cu~yz -- ~u qxpu|~ }~z u|ru{. T su~y q~ ~u{u
yyu{yu }up~yx} {pxrp q pxry}y r uq
p|~} {}~u~p} yy{y.
Ruty su~yur u "su~yy y~u||u{p". N ~y ~u pr|
~r~z }p su~yur. Oq~ tpwu y~u||u{ p|~z su~yz
r|u ry rtpyu {purp |{ r {p{z-~yq t x{z
q|py, p xp uu utu|p}y ~ r|u tr} t p{}, { }
wu ~up{y~}, u wu ut~us ~ut }{p.
X. L}qx ("Cu~yp|~ y }upu|r", s|. II):
"Su yx su~yp|~ |tuz, {u ~pq|tp|y xp q, sr,
t r|y~yu} rt~ru~y ~y yrp {p{u-
~urpxy}-y~u |ypt~u ~yu, r ru} {s
}|y ~ur|~ t r y }u y qxw p}y q." "N {p{
|{ u| }}u~ {pxp, rxq wtu~y, su~yz urppu r
q{~ru~~s u|ru{p y|y ptpu uu ~ywu, p{ {p{ ryu
pr~}u~y u ty~ yx yx~p{r su~yp|~z ~p ." "Bu|y{yu
su~yy ~u }s y~stp ry ~yz, t ~ p}} twy~~}
}p}."
@ Yu~sp ("My {p{ r| y utpr|u~yu", s|prp "O su-
~yp|~y"): "Cu~yz -- y~u||u{, yx}u~yryz ru} ~px~pu~y."
"Dpwu p}z p tyu|~z y px }~z u|ru{, {s }w~
q| q, wp| z, tpwu ~pxrp } t}, u~ |ypu su~y
y}u~~ u}, us y~u||u{ ~ppr|u~ ~p p{yu{yu tu|p, xp-
~ rq} ~py| y u|uz y utr, } pu ~p | wqu
r|u." "Npyr, uut su~yp|~} u|ru{} r us qu{yr~}
ryyy r|u~yu }yp py {p{ ~u u} wtu, {p{ ut}u
xup~y... B } ~{u utu~p px~yp }uwt
q~ { tu|p} y q~ { rur ."
Xu|ru{ su~yp|~} {|pt} }p ~u qxpu|~ ru
-~yq t su~yp|~u -- ~ |y q|uu t sy p|wu~ { } .
E|y u} ~u tpu xtp -~yq t ru|ux~u, | p-
u, ~uy~uz ~us -- {p{ su~y, p |x -- {p{
q~s t p{p.
Nuut{ su~yz qrpu t p{ ~~uu, u} }~y{. D p{y
ryp su~y}y: yp y ruu|ru{p}y. Bqu, "su~yz"
-- ~yu t p{u. D| }~s u|ru{p tu, rtu ~us
p}s.
D p{y {ru{p su~y} wyx~ ry} {|~u~yu}: q~ u}
"yx~p~~uu" wyrz su~yz, u} yxrpu~~uu us yp|~u
{ wu~yu, |utrpu|~, u} q|uu y{pwu~p us yy{p y u}
p~uu us su~yp|~z "t {".
Cu~yp|~ y } | r}up -- rx}w~, }
uu~t ~p t~y y u wu }xsru u .
Cu~yy xtp { | t| t p{r. T}~ r z { | u
}~su pxtpwpu ypy~p|~ y s| |y} rxtuzryu}.
* * *
B qu}, ~pt px|yp |ut yu ~y:
y~u||u{ p|, y~u||ysu~ -- u|ru{, xp~z }ru~~}
t}; r u|} }wu q t p{}, ~ pr|
y~u||u{ p|~}y xptpp}y ~u{ yr;
y~u||u{ p|~z su~yz -- u|ru{ ~uqp|p~yrp~~z
yy{z: uupxryz q~ { uu~y ~u{s
{|pp y~u||u{ p|~ xptp, pxryruz r uq t sy}
yyu{y} q~};
}~y{ -- u|ru{ ru~~z q~ { px~qpx~}
y~u||u{ p|~} tuzry};
} tu -- }~y{, ~prppryz {u-{p{y p{yu{y x~p~yz,
x~pryz ru uyyu{u }u r }yu y yqyryz
{ ~u} .
20. K | px }p.
Oqu u~yu } r ~~u~uz }prz { | u -- ~upr-
tp~~u, yxrpu~~u: y~u||u{ ~u q|uu xp| wyrpu u~y, u}
wu| t{, {y y|y qyu. O~ -- rru ~u s|pr~u {pur |y-
~y, p |y ~uqxpu|~z ytp{ { { { wyrs }p.
Ptpr|uu q|y~r ur r sp~yx}u u{pu qux
}p|uzus py y~u||u{p.
K | }p y}uu tr|~ rutu xyyy r ru}u~~} }yu,
} rxp~ { |} ~p {y y { |} sup, p |ut-
~yu q |r|u~ xppt~s qurp, quu~~s ~p ~-
~u q~r|u~yu y pyu~yu px~qpxy t {yy ( {z
|y{} p qrpu q|u rutp, u} |x).
K | r|y spxt }u~uu r|yu|u~. Ix us ytu|sr xp}uu~
uwtu rus Uyty Nyu. Np|y yruyu: ~usy~u
t p{y xp~y}p r quru q|y~r {rty xyyz, ~
s|pru~r u u} - ~u { | ~usy~ t p{r ({ | r|y),
p { | }~y{r ({ | px }p).
B pp{uyy{u y {pwts ru|y{s tuu| rtu| ~u
|{ "r| { qutu", ~u }y}, ~usy, ~ uwtu rus
"rtpyz }". Pprtp, ~u p{- |us{ qrpu ~y, {p{z
p ry tywu~yz tuu| qxp~ ruy{p} y | p.
Mwu, ru-p{y y}uu }u rxru|yu~yu ~u r{y }~y{r,
p |{ ~usy~? Sp{ {pxp, quty~u~yu tr { |r, r
{} t~p yx tr u~~uz y}uu ~uq|z uuru?
A|uu prttq~} utpr|u |ut uu q~u~yu. B
{ |u }p t {pu |u}u~ { |p y| |y t| }p{yr{y.
K | }p r|u }pr}, { | y| -- pz~}. T}~y{y --
{| py u}p p qurp. P }p u} q
}~}y, p p{wu qry~ }~y{r r ~uuu~yy quru~~
q|u}. E|y wu psp~tyrp { | y|, ry~rp}y
p~ r|p y} yu, y, {}u s, ~y ry |y{} }~s
{~{ u~r.
R~u~yu }uwt tr } {pxp~~}y { |p}y r|u py
t {} yyz~z r|yy "xppt~s" qurp, py
ux |p} r|u~y px|y~ xp}|r, {u pxpqp|y
tu|~u }~y{y, yryu y ~pp|r y
~usy~ t p{p.
21. T}~y{y y y~u||u{ p|.
I~u||u{ p| -- |ty, xppqprpyu y~u||u{ p|~} t}.
D p{r uty ~y }u~u, u} r ut~u}, ~ ru-p{y }~s
q|u, u} u| q. R|pqy, yyrpu}u }~y{p}, r
tuzryu|~y ~uut{ ~ { t p{p}-y~u||u{ p|p}.
@. Hy~rur yu:
"E|y q y~u||u{ p| xp~|y }u {rtyu|uz qurp,
p| q }~s wu, yq ~y ~u rrp up|~y, xtprs
}|p. D| ~y y |rup rpw~uu up|~ xp{~r y u~tu~yz
quru~~ ur. Py|syu{yz y~y y~u||u{ p|r
p{r: } }s|y q sp~yxrp ru ~py| y} qpx}, ~ ~p}
~u tp. @ p{yu{u |wu~yu p{r: ~y }s|y q sp~y-
xrp wyx~ ~py| y} qpx} |y y ~p|yyy |ryz,
{u p{yu{y ~u ury}, y } ~y ~u q~
tuzrrp tpwu ~p r~u uxypu} y}y |ytur qurp.
Up{yu{yu {rtyu|y ty~ { wyx~y, y }
~y - tu|p. I~u||u{ p| ~utr|~ u},
{ wyx~y y} ~utr|pu~. O~y us yp ~upry|~}.
O~y p~, yq rs|t }~}y, q t y ~p p}} tu|u
uy~p|~ yxu~~}y s| p}y." ("C} ruy{ ")
22. Purt }~y{y.
C| ru, { s| p}y {pw , y |ry~p
u, { ~u {pw .
A. Cpyp~. "Kp}p~~z p{ |" (p. 201).
Cpyp~ ~u ru} pr, p }wu, |y{} uqrpu|u~. D }pu-
, y~stp y }~y{y rs|t s| p}y -- u|y y} | pu
yqy y|y u|y ~y }p{y t t p{r.
* * *
Py ru~~} qu~yy }w~ |us{ y}yyrp }, qu~~
uut t p{p}y, yx-xp us }~u {p{ yp|~p s p ~~
ty{utyy urt }~y{p}y.
B q, {p{y}y s| ty xp }:
}~sx~pyu|~p }|p|yr;
ru~yu wy }~ }|uz;
| pz~u ptp~yu "r { ";
uu{p~y t p{p}y;
u r {p{z-|yq x{z q|py;
y}py~;
~usy~;
}~sx~p~yu;
{p~uyr;
xp }~ uy;
}yu;
y.
Pt|y~~z }~y{ q~ {rpu r qu~~, p|yrz
wu yu yx~p~y. Rp}p r~u~ urt }~y{p ~uut{
rytuu|r u, u|ru{ ~uq~z. B r{} quru
urty~u||u{ p|r u rz q rtu|y -- {}},
yu{z, }p~up}y.
Purt }~y{ ypu y|r y sry } t. Pprtp tur
tu y|yy -- y|y t p{r: r |spyxpyy, p|p-
p~r, qut.
T}~ p p "~pyp~~}y". Muwt u}, uu Cup{|y
{pxp|: "M~sx~p~yu } ~u ~p y". V wu s: }~sx~p~yu
}upu t }p. Xu} q|u xp~u r s|ru wy }~yu|~
}|uz, u} }u~u }up p~u t| ry. K } wu r |u
{~ysy r}upu }~s s| uz: u} |u | pu {~ysp, u}
t~uu quuy uz r{u {pur.
O }yu -- tp|u{ ~u yx~p{ }p. ^ rus |y x{rz
{ , ~rp~~z ~p ~u{|{y ~pr{p. Oq~u utr
pxr|uu~y y p} ruwtu~y r utu try~ t p{r. O~
u~ {py y qu~yy t p{p}y, ~ us q|ptpu| p} {px-
rpu w ~p ruut~us t p{p. Py wu|p~yy }w~ q
pxry r uqu }yu, ~ qp{ry ~ q~ ~u yr|u{pu,
p{ {p{ ~y y qux ~us ux}u~ ysy~p|~. O|ryu q~
}y u |tuz, { }~s pxt~s qu~y y }p|
u~~ }|uz. O }~ -- ruqpxyu }, ~ ~u tuwp-
~y r{pxrp~yz. V wu s, u}|u~yu sry p}y
r|u{pu pq ~pt tuwp~yu}: t~ tu|, {stp - p}
qz yty "{ |r ", t su -- {stp r~y}p~yu ~ppr|u~
~p , q - rru~ - "{ |r " r {pwtu
ut|wu~yu.
"T}, r quy~} x~pu~yy s |rp, y}uu }~s qus
}yu}, t~p{ ~u x~ppu r ~y s wu, yq u}y~
' }~z u|ru{' ~y{stp ~u y|{rrpu {p{ ~yywyu|~z,
stp {p{ '{' tp xr y y~yu{y." (B|u. "Uy|-
{yz |rp" / "T}, }yu") Dp~ ~ptuw~} {pxp-
u|u} s, }yu -- ~u {pxpu| }p, r|u qy|yu
}~ |y~uz, qu~~ r utu }|tuwy: "T ~p ps
~u|x y, q ~u ~p{~ ~p s| s |rp: { tp
~y s|~, rt |xp y ~pu{}u. (Gp~ tu Lpqzu.
"Vpp{u")
* * *
Vy -- wu ~u rytuu|r pxryy y~u||u{p. ^
rqu ~u y~u||u{ p|~u {pur. ^ |y sr~ u|ru{p
rup t|y y txurp t|u ~p}uu~y t sy.
Pprtp, } q|uspu y , y t su, ~ }w~ q u~ y},
prp t p{} yx t p{r.
D p{, yx }rp yrupyz t sy} t p{p}, wu }wu
~p urz rxs|t zy xp }~s.
Kstp u|ru{ r|utryu u{|~~s rxpp uupu q
}~}, ~us p yr{y y rxxu~y, xp{uyryu r us
| yu ru}u~p. Ququ~{, p yz r u}u }~y{p, uu~y}pu us
qpx wyx~y y u~{y, }wu ~u pxry r uqu }~s
}|yu|~s pppp. B qy | p | pu " }~p"
q|{p qux " }~s" tuwp~y. I~stp qrpu , u
q . I~stp q|{p rrty r syu|~u xpq| wtu~yu.
23. I~u||u{ p|~u u.
Np Hpptu }t~ r~ ru~ pxryy rus y~u||u{p
-- p{ ~pxrpu}z y~tu{ IQ (Intellect Quality -- "{pur
y~u||u{p"). B }~sy | p y~tu{ yrp y y
~pz}u ~p pq . Muwt u}, ux |p uyrp~y }s
xpryu y |ut us:
u{ us ~y yy{y ({u, r r uut,
utu|u ru}u~u}, uty} |u y~y yy,
uyt} {, stz y . t.);
s, u~yrp| |y y u}z ~p wy xptpp;
uu~y rury uy~p|~z uyp|yxpyy
y u}s pp{u up.
Dp|uu, ~pt xp}uy, y~u||u{ ~u r|u s|pr~} yy-
u{y} {pur}, utu|y} u~~ uyp|yp. Bu}p
x~py} r|, p}, x~p~y, ~pr{y, yyu{p r~|yr,
yyu{p zyr, }p|~u p~r{y. Pyu} ~y t|w~
q y ~u -tu|~y, p r |pwu~~} rxpy}tuzryy
}uwt qz.
Xu} wu u, { ut|psp IQ, ~u pyrp r {puru
y~usy uz pp{uyy{y y~u||u{p (y|y yy{y r u|}),
{pwu}, ut~yz qp|| {|~s (y|y r xr{s) pupp,
| w~z y{, {|yur q|y{pyz? Npru~u, u}, ~p
utu|u~yy IQ }w~ t|~yu|~ xppqprp. IQ -- wtu~yu
xppt~s qpxp wyx~y, pp{uyx us {|~~ |tuz
tu|p tu~sy ~p u} |{ }w~, r } y|u ~u s~ p
{| ppyuz u|ruu{y |pquz. I~u||u{ p|~u u
ur t| t p{r, ptpy xpru~~z p}u~{z, y t|
~u tp~y{r, ~ wtpy r uu~yy, ~ptuwtu, | u~yy y}ytwp.
Duzryu|~ }~z u|ru{ rt |y q tu u}y { r~u~y
rus IQ -- pxru us { } y~ t t p{y.
24. X u t p{.
D p{y -- q|y~r u|ruurp. ^ y u ~}p|~u
|ty. R|r "t p{" rru ~u r|u qx~pu~yu} utpryu|
y~u||u{ p|~ ~utpxrys }u~y~rp. D| utpryu|uz
s }u~y~rp u t syu |rp: "|ysu~", "tuqy|",
"yty", "y}quy|", pryz r pxryyy.
A| q ~u{u{~} ~p ~z {y xu~y tu|y ru |tuz
~p tru py -- ~p u, { }~uu, y u, { s| uu: }uwt
}~} y t p{} y}u }u ~u |{ {|yuru~~u px|yy,
{|{ {puru~~u. A }~} -- x~py q|ptp qz
pptys}z }|u~y, yrutrp q y|y.
Eu ty~ rpyp~ tu|u~y qurp (q|uu tq~z r psp~-
ty{} ~u~yy): }~u, ut~us }p, t p{y. B } | pu
t p{p}y ~pxrp |{ u~ q|yu t p{y.
N ~pyq|uu pry|~} utpr|u p{z rpyp~: }~u,
t p{y, |ysu~, tuqy|, yty. Kpy, t p{y y p{}
ttu {pxrp r uyw~z |ry~u {p|.
* * *
Oq~ t p{ ~u |qy yp. O~ y p{ ru x~pu. @ us ~
~u x~pu, s y ~u ~pt x~p. Hp t p{ |qy pyx}.
"Nu yu }u~ wy -- | u }syu }puyp|~". "K ~u
y{ u, ~u u p}p~{s", "B { s t xuz |uqp|~y{}
~u u|{pz" y . t. D p{ |pspu, |utrp~yu pyx}p}
py~p|yxy u us rutu~yu. Xuux pyx} ~ pu
ppxyyrp ~p }~y{p, ~ pu ptpu ~p p{y wu t p{r,
{p{ p}.
* * *
Arpu t p{ ypyz. Pprtp, ~u|x {pxp, ~ t~-
x~p~ | u, u} t p{ ~uypyz.
E|y }~y{ q~ { pu |{ t~ spxu (p y ~u ypu
spxu rru), t p{ quu y px tru y|y y y } |y
r ~y uux~} ryt}, rqpwp uq p~p|yy{}.
Oqu~~ |qy t p{ pxsptrp r spxup {rt: us
pt u, q|u}{y t~p xp t sz |us{ ttp ~py{ us
}s us }p.
Ruty |qy}uzy u} pxsrr t p{p -- u}p p. Rq-
ru~~, ur u {p{ px t| t p{r.
T t p{p y ~pru~{p u {p{u-~yq t qqy: p,
qp|{p, r {pz~u} | pu ysp r t}y~ ut}y.
^~usy~z t p{ -- t}p~yz }pu ~p ru sp~u {y: ~
ru|y t{y, y }|{}. S { y u~ , r~u
{p{z. Etrp ru|yry r ~ru wy|yu, ~ ~py~pu us uutu-
|rp, yxrt }} utuz -- u|y ~y ~u p{yu wu ~usy~u
t p{y, {p{ ~ p}. D| ~usy~ wu t p{r p{z } -- {p{
rxq wtpp } x{p: ~y p r}y~p, y p}y }s
-~yq t ru|y y|y y|y, y r{u {|y{p qp
ryxs} tu|y y|y y|.
* * *
B ut~u} yy{p t p{p sp}~y~uu, u} yy{p }~s. ^
q |r|u~ u}, q~ } pxryrpu {p{ {}u~py
{p{s- ypr}y us tuu{p.
I }~y{y, y t p{y r x~pyu|~z uu~y {| py wyu
ytuy -- |{ q y ytuz ~y rt -px~} . D p{y
~uut{ xpy}r }~u }|y, ~ y~uuy y urp~ y
rpyrp r r t p{ yu} rxxu~yz t p{y} qpx},
p{ y }|y y ty{utyy , y t p{p yu}p
ptpu.
D p{ {rtr u ~u |y~}y qpwu~y}y, p ~p{|u~~}
pt~} }. "Bu p{ tu|p" (rpyp~: "Sp{ ~y{ ~u tu|pu")
-- p}z ru}z ps }u~ t| t p{p.
Npt xp}uy, ~p rutu~yu u|ru{p r|y |ut yu r~ u~-
~yu p{: u|y, u~~y, pry|p, ~pr{y, p}u~{p, qpx
t| tpwp~y, x~p~y q zru yt, qurp, |y~y.
E|y y p{ }yrp t p{p ~pt|uwpy} qpx}, ~
q tu r }~sy y py ruy uq {p{ }~z.
@tpyrpryz { ~u{y} ~~} |ry} t p{ tuzr u
ru}p u{yr~.
D p{ rustp pr. O~ ~u rryu|u~ { trtp}, ~ |qy
y. O~ x~pu, "r u wtpu yy~p". T t p{r
r qp yy~p -- p, {p wtpu r u. Xq
uu quty t p{p, ~pt r|ux { ~u} r tx~p~yu -- }y~
us t p{yz y~u||u{. I~}y |rp}y, t p{ ~pt ~u}~s
r~ p. Kpy, u|urytu~yu, spxu y pty {p{ px z u|y
y | wp.
Syy~z t p{ rpwpu u~, y| , r|p. Trpwp --
yry|usy t p{r. ^ }~y{y {p t pryu, pp-
rp ~r, xppr| }y yx}u~ y tu|p us ~u~~}
t| |tuz.
D p{y yqp ut{. Pyy~p s, r-ur, r },
}~y{y ~u tru y} up |w~u q|u}, p p}y t p{y
p{y q|u} ~u xp}up (y }y u~ , p u|y -
r ~u} ~u | pu, } ~pty u q~u~yu).
B-r, r }, ~y ~y, ~y { wpyu y t p{y ~u r
~yy xp}uy yq{ , p t~ }~y{r ~p ru t p{r
~u rppu. B-uy, r }, , q~p wyrp ~u|pt~u r
ux |pp ry tuzryz, t p{y pp ruy uq,
ru ytu ~}p|~. Kstp |utry yq{y p~r |y{}
uryt~, t p{ xpr|u: "N , | pz~. Bu pr~
tuzrrp| pry|~." Oyqp (y {p r ry y wy
yq{p) -- tu| qp{ry.
Puxyu|~u y~~y} |r "t p{": ~ut }{, p{, ut-
~yz u|ru{, {uy~, yp, yyq|u~~z, st }, }x,
}x~ z, q|rp~, u~, rp|u~{, u|, {xu|, ~utpxryz,
uq~z, qux}xs|z, |pqz (qywu~~z, qtu|u~~z) }},
qu|{rz, qu|, ~uttu|p~~z, |, u,
utru~~.
^ru}yx} |r "t p{": ~pyr~z, ~u~z, z, |y{}
u~z (!), }|y~uz~z, }t ~z, ut~us }p, qrpu|,
u|ru{ |, ~}p|~z u|ru{.
Oty~ yx yx~p{r t p{p -- ~usyq{, ~uptpy u}
rutu~y, ru~ "y~yp}". Oqu~~ ~u~ p{z t p{
ypq|yrpu { t sy} t p{p}. @ xpu} u} }u~? But ~
"yz" y p{! O ~uur~ {~|y{r { wu~yu} ppu
us |{ , t sy t p{r q~ p{yu wu "y~y",
p{yu wu "rxs|t". N {stp p|{yrp px~|~u t p{y,
tu| qux~ptuw~u: q t qu{~u~u , p }wu, {p~tp| y
tp{y.
Nu{u t p{y yp uty t p{r }~}y. @ ~pyu
}~u yp uty ~y }puty}y.
T u|ru{p t }pus r~y}p~yu pu ~ppr|u~ "r~ ", ~p
qru~~u }|y; s wu, { t }p ~u |qy, -- ~p
-~yq t r~u~uu. P} t p{y p{ |q sp, qp y
{r px~u ruy, {p r ~ , | xsp u}u{y, wurp
wrp{ y . t. I} qrpu ~uu} uq xp~.
D p{y rustp ~pt, u} sry; }~u ~uut{
} yu|~ y u} t| pxsrp, q ~ ~u y{ uwtu,
u} t {pu y|yyu.
D p{y |q }u, }~y{y utyp yy~ . Bxrp~ ,
u} t p{y |q p} ruwtp uux }, p }~y{y p
ptp ~urpu~yuz. Kstp t p{ tpu yxrty s}{yu
xr {y, u} utpr|u, ~ ~u p{p w }p|p uy~{p r
ru|u~~z, px xppr|u ryqyrp rv { wpuu p~-
r.
D p{p }w~ tu px q}p~rp utr} t~s y
s wu {p. Pyty |ut y} qpx}. D p{ |yq ~u
x~pv ps {p, |yq x~pv us, ~ y } t }pu: ~u
}s wu ~y yp }u~ p{y} t p{}, q qusy rz
(uyz y . t.) px ~p t~} y } wu. Arpu, ~ ~ptuu
uuysp q}p~y{r. Arpu, ~ ~y}pu, ytu r xppt~,
~ ~yus qz tu|p ~u }wu -- yx-xp rrp pt~y, {
y}u .
D p{ |us{ rpyrpu wu }~u~yu, u|y ~ ~pty r ~u}
~uxp~u }u. ^ }~u~yu p~ry t| t p{p uty~ru~~
pry|~}. E|y r|utryy ~ rupu {p{u- t su }~u~yu
} wu ut}u , ~ ~y { } t s} }~u~y r{-
}u~, {p{u q ~ ~y q|. K p~u rt u u} r y r
"yy~ ", y pr.
E|y t p{ |y~ y{ppu px{ {p{y}-|yq yxru~}
tuu|u} y|y ~u{y} qpx} {pxrpu ~y} t} y tuu| ~u
urpu u} ~y{p{ r~ ~pruty, t p{ ~py~pu yp uq
q|yx{y} } tuu| u|ru{} y sty p{} {~p{p y|y
y {~p{p ~y}. Tquty p{s ~ut }{p r uq~y us
|qy}s y~tu } {pxrpu u~ tpwu xp t~yu|~.
Kpy, ~p } u{u ~rrpu yxru~z |yyu{yz
yu}, y}u~ u}z "ruuz yxqypu|}y". Xu} q|u t p{r
u { |yy{p y|y y t} ~y} }y~ r
|u, u} q|u ~us ~p{y ~ yruwu~ur, q t
~ |ut~y} ~ustu} y|y p{y} wu t p{}, {p{ ~y.
E|y t p{ xp~y}pu} y|~} tu|} y ~u quu ty
rup, {p{yu ~ u} ~u tp~, ~u }y|uu y ~ptuw~uu u|-
ru{p. Put{px u} -- x~py, ~u pu~.
E|y wu t p{ ~u ~pu| rus }up t |~u}, ~ yy~u
}~s | y }~y{p}, y t sy} t p{p}.
Kp{ sry, tpwu yu~~u p trp pxp r {y {p-
xrp pry|~u ru}. @~p|sy~ y t p{p} y~stp tpu
r |w~ y py sptrp pry|~z t.
E|y u|ru{ t p{, ~pt|s. E} }w~ yry {p{ -
}~ ytu, y ~ ~p~u r{pxrp uu, {p{ }~z, ~ |ut p
}~p ytu p~u t| ~us ~r} {p}~u} u{~ru~y.
Oqu~~ ~uyu~ t p{-uyp|y, |yyryz ~p {p{z-
~yq t y~u||u{ p|~z pqu, uq uz r ~r~} p}y y
ytyry: r-ur, r ~u} r|u ~uy}ru~p ruu~~
r uqu, p r r, { t~u u us }xsp {pxrp
utu~~}y ~p x{} { su q|u}, y }p| pu ~p
uu, yx-xp us y~u||u{ p|~u qwur s t p{p |{
s q|u.
Auxqyt~z tp|yrz t p{ -- |wyu|~z suz ~pt~
{px{ y |yup rqu. B {y {px{p ~ p{ y xru:
Irp~-t p{.
E|y }~y{y tr|~ px~qpx~ {|pt }xsr, t p{y
u~ wy ty~ ~p t ss. D p{ ut{px u}. D p{ yx u~
y|syuz, y|syuz, utpssy{z y . t. rt| y uu{.
Mw~ yp, y ~p {y -- t p{p.
P{|{ t p{y pr| r quru tpr|uu q|y~r,
ypzu t sy t p{p}y -- y r, {uu rus, ~u yquu!
25. D p{y ~usy~u y ~u~usy~u.
A|pwu~~ ~yyu t }, yq y u Wpr Nuqu~u.
Mp. (5:3)
D p{y qrp "y|~u t }" y "|pqu (~yyu) t }". ^ trp
uru~~ px|ypy u}uzrp t p{r. "Nyyz t }" --
t p{ { t~}y wu|p~y}y y ~utpxryz }y~p|~-r|urz
"uz". Syyz ~ut }{.
D p{y ~usy~u, p} ruu~~u -- t p{y p}u ~uy~u
y p~u. D { sp}y pty ~y p|~z }pu.
I~z t p{ y| p| q y { }~} , ~ {stp t} s|pz y
~~z "rz", }~} tu|p ~uus.
^~usy~u t p{y y~stp yxrt rup|u~yu }~ |tuz --
} r yrp }~s y {|pt~ sry y xp}y~p
}~s px~ ytuu{.
D p{y qrp |us{yu y wu|u. Lus{yz t p{ {, r|yu},
~ux|q|yr. Swu|z t p{ }, psuyru~, uqu ~p }u (p {|-
{ s }p!).
K p, yxq{ yyu{z ~usyy ~u rustp yrty {
pxryy p} ruu~~y y }rp. ^~usy~u |us{yu t p{y
-- | yu y|~yu|y t| ~u|w~ tu| y r|~u uy}u
~pp|~y{y.
Bup rtpyu t p{y. ^ ~u p}u s| u, p u, {
r ~pyq|uu {z }u r|p t p{yz y| }|u~y y
urp tu|p xp r wyx~ }~s t p{y tu|.
26. Myrxxu~yu t p{p.
My t p{r u~-qu|z, pqy|~z, ~~z. Ltuz ~y tu|
~p "y" y "|y". "Vy" ~y |q q|u, u} u
xp| wyrp, "|y" ~u~pryt y|~uu, u} y| q.
E qpxrp~~u t p{y, ryryu, pry|~} y~stp
qrpu ~u "u~u", ~u "qu|u", p "ut~uu". S, pry|~}
}wu q uu y "|pu", y "r {py~{ ", y . -- t| ~y
wu |y{} |w~.
Bu uu t p{p pxtu|u ~p , ~ x~pu, y , y
x~p ~u u. O~ x~pu, ~ rv x~pu. O~ x~pu rv, u}
~ w~. N {ppu qqu~~, uuyu{y utpr|u~yz. B
~u~yy wu qr }u|uz t p{ ru}p |qu~.
T}~z }wu }yy ry} ~ux~p~yu} y {z~ wy r
}yu, {z ~ ~y}pu |pq. Nu p{r t p{: ~ |yq t }pu,
x~pu, |yq rptpu r p~yu.
* * *
Nywu|ut yu qpwu~y r| uryt~}y t| }~y{r
y sp~yu{y ~uyu}|u}}y t| t p{r y p{y} qpx}, }w~
{pxp, uyrp sp~y }uwt y}y tr } yp}y |y~uz:
1. S, ust~ ypu yy~~}, xprp }wu {pxp
|w~}, y ~pq. E|y {p{p- {p xu~y y{
yx~p~p, uu ~u x~py, ~p pry|~p. S,
rp| u|uryx y r spxup, }wu r tuzryu|~y
q |y}, , sp, -- y}. Lqy}u ~ptp
}wu ~p p}} tu|u {pxp ~ustu}, rps ~ptp --
y} u|ru{}.
2. Dpwu u|y r r u}- pq|~ ruu~, rpu }~u~yu ru
pr~ }wu {pxp yq~}.
3. B u} }wu q - |u, r |} -- uu.
4. E|y - ~pp|p rp|, p } sp, y|y ~pq,
- }wu prp ~uyx}u~~ y}, y|y ~uyx}u~~
|y}, y|y ~y{p{y}. S, t| t~z y pyy, }wu
{pxp |y} t| t sz, y ~pq.
5. Nru ~u rustp | uu, ~u rustp ~ w~u.
6. A t|s p|yr} -- rut~. T}uu~~u ~uy~y
yt ~p |x . Gyx~ -- qqp: xp q|psp y xp prut|yr
~pt pwp. Pq|u} u ru, ~ ~u ru ~y
sr. K ~u r ~yy pr| ry}y q|u}p}y,
} tu| -- r}yp~yu.
7. Asp }wu y ~u q, u~u {|~~ yqp, |w qrpu
r q|ps, yy~p y prut|yr rustp r tuyyu, ~
ru} y} r|~u }w~ wy.
27. T} y {pup.
T} -- ~u p}u rpw~u {pur t| rwyrp~y, t| up
r wyx~y. Htru, r~u~, } { |~p y|p, yyu{p
~usy, p} -- q~ rpw~uu.
Lqz t p{, {z x{ uyp|yxy u r ~u{z
uyy, {pxrpu r ruz q|py q|uu u{yr~}, u}
}~y{, {z rppu xp }~su.
T t p{r s|pr~} {pxpu|u} }p ypu u r {puu.
Py } tp y "qu{yr~u" p{ ~y r pu ~u y~y}p.
Su} ~u }u~uu, t| prtp~y qru~~s ~u up ~y wu ~uut{
xpr|: "D p{p} ruxu".
D p{ {pu tu|p |usu: { s} p{yu wu t p{y; ~y
~y}p us, ~ -- y. O~y ~u pxtpwp t s t sp, ~u
~ ty~ t~s. B r{} {||u{yru t p{ ~pty
uty~}|u~~y{r y rr u t ur~z {}. T}~z wu y
rustp p pztu.
Gyx~u~~z u t p{r ~uut{ q~u y q|uu y{y}y,
u} qp{ry, t wu{y}y rx}y. T}~} rqu t~
t wy. ^px} ("Prp|p s| y"): "... r y utu ~u qrpu
t wq, p u|y y qrpu, {p{p- p} ~p, |yu~~p r{z
y~y, pp~p |y ~p ~u}~sy, yq q|y~r
|tuz s| y r{yz t py ~p rz |pt, p q|ywu~yu rx}w~
|{ uqu tq~}y."
O } wu Yu~sp p ("@yx} ...", s|. 5): "L y} ut-
r} |wy uqu ts r wyx~y r| t wqp y rpyy.
N q|yu q~y tu|p ~p st}y y } }p| yst-
~}y { } , q |y u}, {s y q~y ~yw~
(...) Oqp~} qpx} r|yu x~p~yu ~uq|y q~uz;
~ |y~ wyrpu y~ywu~~, qyu|~,
|qux~, rpwu~yu} { t ~} y tpr|u, |utrpu|~,
t xuz y {ryu|uz."
D p{ tr|ryu} r|~u y~~ pq y ~u { p-
u ~p yu} . Es y|~yu|~ xp}upu t sz t p{ --
~pp|~y{ -- y rpu r t|w~y.
T}~s wu y~p rs~u r { . O~ ~py~pu y{p pty-
{p|~u uu~y y pxtpwp u} p}} ru {rtr.
T}~ |tuz r quru }u~u, u} {rty t|w~uz.
K}u s, ~u ru }~ ~u r {rtyu|y. P} r utu
~pp|~y{r }~u {pxrp r }u~y~ru, y "uu" q|y~-
r ru~u y tp.
T}~} t~ q rwtu} t p{r. D p{y z |
pr| | u. Nuut{u r|u~yu -- ~usy~z t p{, y}uyz
}~syu |wyu|~u {purp, {}u }p. Sp{yu y rurt.
D p{y s| } ~pt }~y{p}y xptprp~yu} t p{s rp:
"E|y }~z -- u} ~u qspz?" Muwt u}, qp{ryu q~
~u qsp |ut y} yy~p}:
1) y~u||u{ pxryrpu r uq r|u, p qux "r|y { qutu"
qspy t~;
2) y~u||u{ p|~u xp~y y~ tr|uru~yu y ~u
pr| ru}u~y t| y~ tu|;
3) }~z ~pty q ~u| y r wyx~ y y
}p| utrp;
3) }~z x~pu, qsp} q rut~.
28. T}~u uty t p{r.
Nu t|w~ rxrp tyr|u~y , r wyuz{}
}u ~p u| q y, ~p, {} r ~pyq|uz
}uu rzru~~ rxrp ~utr|r ~py ty
yx |tuz.
Ayz. "Tuu~yu y|yuz" (1.III).
T}~y{ tp|u{ ~u rustp ~u ruy t p{p}y, {p{ u,
u} y~stp tpu. Np r{ |w~ {}qy~py ~ w~ t ur~u
y|, p stu y rx? Osp~yx} yu~ p}{p~yu}, yr|u-
~yu} r|y~y s| y, y{} ru|y{y yy~. Hp t p{y
|~ xtru} y ~usyuz. Lp {: "T}~z u|ru{ ~uut{
ptp| q r xp t~yu|~u |wu~yu, ~u q t ~ { wu~
t p{p}y." Pprtp, uu pu ~ ptpu r xp t~yu|~u
|wu~yu y}u~~ s, r{ s | t p{y.
T}~u r {~|y{u }y}, t| t p{r wu }y u{pu~. ^
rut y }y.
P pr~u~y t p{p}y, }~u rut tr|~ quxpt~
wyx~. T}~z ptpu, u|y r~ wtu~ wy {p{ t p{. @ y}u~~
p{ u} wy y yty.
T}~} qrpu ~u |{ t~, {|{ yr~ ypq|y-
rp { t p{ . L p }p ~u~yz t p{} -- yxqusp
us. N ~u rustp rx}w~.
Nu tqr t p{p -- r us ~uq~y { {}}yp}. T ~us
ru t|w~ q y}u~~ -t p{y, p ~u {p{-~yq t y~pu. Nuy-
yu t p{} {}}yr yty yx xpru~~z p}u~{y,
~uq~y utrytu, u~yrp, pxpqprp rpyp~.
Nu{u {y }~s r s|pxp t p{p rs|t s| }y.
D p{ |pspu, |r "t p{" ~y {p{ px { p{y}, {p{
}~z, {s ~ ~u ~y}pu.
T}~} yty py }~s y| ~p xpy q|rp~yrpuz
psp~t, {z ~usy~u t p{y y{p t p{r y.
Kp{ t p{ ry~y}pu }~s? S ~us -- yyu{y ~u~-
}p|~z, p~z, ~u~~z, yz, p} ruu~~z, |u~yrz,
~pyr~z, xpx~pz{p, y~ysp~, t p{ (!).
| P|wu~yu q }~ r quru pr~y} |
| |wu~yu} q r{y: {u-{p{yu uy} urp |
| y }~wur ~u tqr. |
K~u~, uq~ r|~u }wu tprp y ~u{u uy} u-
rp. K y}u , s| y pxryrpu q~ ~y}p u
trywu~y s q.
T} -- {uu ~upu, u} q|ps. T Cyqutrp: "Cu }p!"
T E{{|uypp (1:18): "B }~sz } ty }~s up|y; y {
}~wpu x~p~y, }~wpu {q" .
Mu~tu|u Mzu-Ry} ("P uuryu Bu~yp}y~p Suus",
s|. 9): "Nu|x qux suy y wp|u~y yp tqp ru|y{y
}|yu|uz }yp us, }, {p{ }~s ptp~yz yy~y|y y}
|ty, pty { ~y wurrp|y ruz ruz wyx~ y {
p|yry|y |ux~}y {y}y y tywu~y}y }p rus.
My, y tu|p, tqu~ uqu~{ , {z |qy tuwp xp
}p}u~{y~ uut~y{, ~u t ~us ~y ~p ps; u} ~pry
| p pu s| u {px{y, px ~p t~ ru}u }p}{p}y
y qpq{p}y; ~ ruu~ r }, ~p ruu ~u ~yus | u us
ys u{, y}u~~ r ~y {u r y ru{p u} t."
T} y~stp uu y xpryt -- r ytp { ru} ~uy~},
{u y~y uupxry y~u||u{p.
A t y rpwtuq~} }y t p{r, } u} - r ~u} rtu q
{p{ uywu~. Oq~u~yu }wu r }, uywu~
ru-p{y ~u }: uyw~p }u~p s| , {p xpp
u~ ~p ~us wp.
Nu~~u, ~uut{px u}u y~y~{yr~ ry~y}pu {p{
p~. B }yu t p{r } ~uut{px u} y ~u~u~...
T}~z ~u~pryty t p{p xp , pr|u u} wyx~.
D p{ ~u~pryty }~s xp , {u r u} y|~uu us.
T}~} ru ru} yty rurp xp r pr~}y, xp
p~u~~ }yp t p{r. E|y y t p{ t, ~
~p~u rurp xp |ut t y { p{ y|y y~pu ~u q tu.
Arpu, }~z {~|y{ u t p{} ~u } , ~u u
p, p } ~us |~ | uu~yu.
Oq~ t p{ ~u xp}upu, pr}y u }~s. T }~ }~s
px~ q|y }u. S~u -- x~py, xry}uu. D p{y r }
~u~yy ~uu.
Gyx~ }~s |~p p~uz. K y}u , }~z x~pu, u}
~u|x rup {~yw~ |{ ~pt {rp y u} q|uu {|p ~p
|{ wu|u ruy. @ t p{ ~urut}. T}~s p{p |{p
qu{y, t p{p -- ~u. D p{y wyr r p|yr} ~urutu~yy y
}yp ~uwytp~~. T}~u utryt ~uy~y y ~py~p
~y ptp uu t y ~p |u~y.
Oqyp uty t p{r, }~u ~ur|~ xppwp t p{y}y
ytu}y. I} ru ru} yty q ~pu{ y uytyu{y
pyrp uqu "yu~yu }xsr".
^px} Qutp}{yz q }~y{p ("Prp|~u |r s| y"):
"Ny uqu p}} , ~y uur , ~y ry} q|yx{y} ~u }wu q
~ ~y r u} |uxu~, yq ~uy{ u~ r p} q{~ru~~ tu|p y
|y{} tp|u{ quy~ }~u~yz y ru}y q|tpu} qpur.
Ix p{s px|ptp tuzryu|~z wyx~ y ~prp}y ~uyxquw~
wtpu ~u~pry { ru} { wpu} , yq r u|ruu{}
quru ru |~ s| y. Bu tu|pu t p{p}y y uty
t p{r. Ewu|y { xpu ty~ rp yr ruz ru|u~z,
ru u} quwp r ~ y p}, r uty~u~yy, ~p|pwtp
ruz } t."
29. D p{y y rut p{y.
'D p{' -- yx|q|u~~u |r,
Kstp t p{ uy t ss,
N }uwt ~y}y ~y ~p s
Ny r u} px|y ~u ~pztu.
Ruqpyp~ Ap~t. "My t p{r".
"D p{" -- ~pru~u, p}u pp~u~~u {q|u~yu. B
{p{ uty t p{r u~y }! (Bu}, |{ t{pxrpu y
s| : ~p|y u~y, uz qs .)
Ruty t p{r u rut p{y -- uu ~u |ysu~, ~ wu
pxtpwpyu ruz z tpwu ~}p|~ t p{r. ^y q
~ut }{r y~stp ~pxrp "{ s|}y t p{p}y".
Rrut p{y -- ruqpx~u y~rp|yt ({p{ y ru }~y{y, r-
u}). Mw~ yp u trp rpyp~p }ru~~z ~u|~u~~y:
{stp |y{} }p| }p y {stp |y{} }~s. Ry py p{p wu,
{p{ t sy}y y}y u|ru{p {|~u~y}y: |y{} }p|
t{w~s wyp y|y |y{} }~s; |y{} }p| ppp r {ry
y|y |y{} }~s.
Npt s| }u ~uut{ -- ~ {p{ pry| ~pt p~}y uu
r|u~y}y, p ~u ~pt u~}u~} r u|}, yq wtu~yu t p{r
-- { u~yu ~p xp}u| Awyz.
^px} ("Prp|p s| y"):
"V rqu |ty ~ t s { t s ~t ~u ty~p{r,
t p{r ru |q {p{ q|yx{y y t~, xr r sy, qp| ,
|p{p, yt { ~y} ~p } r qutu; y} xr| qux~p{p-
xp~~ sry y tu|p st~. Ny{ ~u uy yy~y y}
qyt , tpwu ty{yu xruy y ~u sp pty y . Pyy~u
~y ru~ qsp}."
E|y }w~ }u ~pt rut p{p}y, x~py, }w~ }u
y ~pt qux~sy}y, |u}y y . E|y wu yp, }u ~pt
qux~sy}y y . |, u} wu rut p{y wu? (Pprtp,
uq~ u|p ~uut{ r|u |utryu} ~uw~s rutu-
~y, q |r|u~~s uq~ }p.) Ot~p yx yy~ ~p}uu{ ~pt
s| -- |psp~yu, ~p}u{p}y }w~ y~ ty |y{}
q|y t p{r { pxryy ry }ru~~ q~uz. N
wu s| . Yp~ }~u u |{ uqu~{p. Bx|z wu
}wu p pxru ~u}~s xtpr}|u~~uu. N , y xpyy
ry }xsy tusptpyy.
30. Tq|pwu~yu t p{r.
D p{r ~pt pxr|u{p. Npt ~y}p ~y t s, {|{
pxt~u t p{y p~ t| p}y uq y t| qurp r u|}. P-
} t| t p{r yt }rp yr~u y yu xpqpr, {u
{q |ux~ t| y xtr y y~u||u{p. O~y tuzryu|~
qrp |ux~, prtp, r ~r~} u}, ~u pr| ru}u~y
t| }tq, ~rp y . .
P prtu sr, yr~u ~u q|u qr xt-
r|u~y ~pyy, u} u y~u qy y|y pp{p~y qusp. E|y
yp yr~u tp t p{p} y}u t| tpwp~y,
rut pp{p~y y u y~u xu|yp wu q~ rt~r|:
"` q q}, {p{ pp{p~", "` q }u|}, {p{
u ". I . t.
B yr~ xu|yp {| py |tuz, p ~u u r
pp{p~p}y, ~u |{ } , }u~ q|u wy ~p
t p{r, {u ~p ~y }, {|{ } , |tuz |usu
q y px~} {p}.
31. Bz~p t p{p}y.
M| rz~u t p{p}y upu ru} ru}u~y r{s
}~s u|ru{p. Burp }w~ ru}y t p{p}y |yq |{
u}y, { ~u ty~ xtpr}|y} }~y{p}. Npt xp}uy,
}~syu t p{y -- u~ }y|u |ty r y py, r { ~u
uq u r| }|yu|~u q~y. Npt
ppr| y ~p ttyu }up y ~u |y{} }~s ~y
uqrp.
Pyr~yu }~y{r y t p{r ur u u|uy. I~stp
| p qu~y. T {pwtz ~ u ry suy. P|yyu
{ry ~u ~ w~ ~y u}, ~y t sy}, p sy r ~r~} xu|u~p
}|tuw -- ~u~u t p{y y ~py~pyu }~y{y.
Mw~ rtu| y r~ pxryy }p. Np ~yxu} r~u u|-
ru{ q u rurp t p{p}y, ~p ut~u} ~ {pxrpu
s, ~p ru} ~ upu p} rs|tu t p{}. Lp {:
"Pyy~u |r{ , { }uu {rp r |r{."
R t p{p}y rurp qu|ux~. Iuq| y -- yruu-
ru~~. Pru|urp y}y -- }w~, ~ ~u y~y q|usu~y.
D p{r ~u tu|p }~uu. "T}~u" quru~~u zr y}
wt -- ~u~~, ~u tq~. E|y y }y py~p|yxyrp, ~y
rxq ~ y uutu|p r ~u} rv -ru} -- -t p{y.
Bz~p t p{p}y ~urx}w~p -- } q|p q rz~p
u|ruur}.
I ru wu { yx }~y{r q t~pwt ~u }up| y
t p{p} Bp|}uur{ ~?! Mup p surpu, tpu y|
uu t p{r tp|u.
32. D p{y y tpp.
N tpr~ w u rutu,
X |y t ~} {|pt tpu,
S w |q uqu pxquz,
Sp{ ~u rqu tr q|uz.
Pu Er.
"K~u{-sq ~{".
E |ryp: "D p{p} ruxu". Npt xp}uy, ~p ~uprut-
|yrp. Buxu ru} ty~p{r, ~ {|{ t p{r q|u,
q|y~r | pz~ p|yry{r {pxrpu t p{p}y.
D p{y ~urutu~y y{ q|u }~ y, y|p ry}y
p}y { {ryp}, ~uut{ uwtu }~ tysp up.
O yy~p rus rysp ~y tu|p ~u|uu ruwtu~y y|y
rru ~ us ~p tp . Ctu }~z pxs|ty xp{~}u~,
p} t p{ ryty |y | pz~. B } t sp yy~p
}~u~y, | pz q|ps{|~u~ { t p{p}.
33. D p{y y pu.
@. Yu~sp ("@yx} wyuz{z } ty", s|. 2): "Ou~
p y, -ryty}} , prut|yr ruwtp, ru}p
sp~yu~~z r }ru~~} ~u~yy u|ru{ r ~y -- p}z
p|yrz, ~y{ y ~u xpryt u p{} p."
^px} ("Prp|p s| y"): "Rpu xpryy ~u p}y ruuz,
~ s }~u~y, {u } ~y pry|y. P} |yq ~u
~y{p{z px~y }uwt } tup}y y t p{p}y, |yq |wu~yu
t p{r ~u r y}u rst~uu, B-ur, y pu, {uu
~p q}p~u y|y p}q}p~u, tpu y} spxt tuur|u, p r-r,
~y }s pxtu|y ru pu q|y~r} t sy |tuz."
N ~pt y}u r ryt , |ty, |y{} t|s uqrpyu r
~yy p, u w~, ~pr{y qq xp u-
rrp~yu -- y ~uut{ syq~ r{u ruz quu~y. Pprtp,
}yp ~y p|yr}y -- q, ~uwytp~~ y ~uq|~. K
y}u , pxqyrp ~u ~p }py~u -- tsz y {pyrz.
T}~y{y wu, x~pryu rut~ p, |usu uu~
|yu~y, rptpyu y} ry~u t p{r.
34. D p{y y ~p {p.
D| xp~y ~p {z qs }p q~ ~u uq u: u
rruu~~u }p|~u u~|syy, t| u~s y}u~u~y
{ ~ w~p |y p{{ p~. Dpwu yx ~u}p|~ }utr
t p{p} {u- tpu r|~u -- { y}u , "}ut ~p ~s
{p". P} ~p {p yxtur|u uqrpu r ~r~} r {p
t p{r. Nu-t p{u y ~u y}uu r ~uz p. D p{p} ~
~u~~ y ~u ~ w~, p t }~ ~ ~u tty z yy~u,
ru yu} ~p ~z {}} ~y{pyy ~pu~ ~p }y~y}p~yu
t p{r.
Np {p yu yy~u. @ r quru yy~ t p{y. P} p{
~pxrpu}u "quru~~u ~p {y" -- r ~r~} ~p {y
t p{p. Ry|sy -- s|pr~} qpx} y|sy t p{r,
y|sy -- y|sy t p{r, |y|sy -- |y|sy
t p{r y . .
K~u~, y~stp y t p{r | pu r ~p {u -~yq t ~u
t p{u: {p{ pry|, | pz~.
Nu|x ruwtp, r ~p {u t p{y -- | {~urp,
p }~y{y -- | ~rp. Ruty t p{r ~rp rup
tr|~ p -- y tpwu ur|y~u. N y ~rpr y tpwu
y ur|y~~ |yq pt~u, {yrp~~u, p~tp~u,
p~u ruz ~usyq{, |yq su~yp|~ ~up~tp~u r x{}
p}u~yy, ~ ~u rxp~~u px~}y qu|rp}y y }
~u|uu y|y rut~u.
E|y {p{p-~yq t ~ut p{p ~p ~p ytu p~ry, ru{y
ru} , |~z, rru ~u x~ppu uu qut~u uryu:
uu r |spyx , y}u~ ~u { }u , "tpqp" p{, pr
~uu}u~~ rptu r p~yu, u|y { } ru}u~y uu q tu wyr.
Yu~sp (Puty|ryu { {~ysu "My {p{ r| y utpr|u~yu"):
"M|y rtpy }r ~u uu~ y|pyy, rupu}z
ty~p~}y }|yu|}y. Qwtu~~u xp ~}y, r{y}y,
{pyr uu~~}y |qp}y, t {}y y | yu s|pxp, ~y
u r{ y| y wyx~, u tr p}y}y qz, {stp
y uu}up r u~ qyu|, t ~yx{ {r| x{y, tpr|u~-
~ uur |}y u~p}y, yx-t { r}pyrp r
{ wpuu u, ~ppr|u~~u ~p |y~u y~uu rx."
35. D p{y y qpxrp~yu.
Ou~ p } ryty}, u, { ~y{stp ~u
wtp|y uq ~p {p}y, t rupy rup
spxt q|uu ~rpu|~ y ~, u} u, { ru
ru ru} rty|y r {|p.
Qu~u Du{p. "Qp wtu~yu }utu"
("Ppry| IV").
Ryu}p }prs qpxrp~y -- yu}p ryxrtrp
t p{r. T}~u | p ru{y tp~~z yu}u, p ~u q|pstp
uz. O~y -- q~z t {, qp{ y|y tpwu t.
Mpru qpxrp~yu |ty }pr t p{r, |yp~u --
|yp~. Mw~ y}u }, ~u y}u "rus" qpxrp~y. N
spxt pu ~pq|tpu qp~u.
Ruyp|~ rpyrp }~y{r x~py tq| {}py{p}
(}. {~ys By{p Cs "Xu|ru{, {z }uu") -- ut~uru-
{r} u ~y{p}, {u {p|uy|y tuuz, q | p yx ~y
tr t| xpqpr|u~y ru|}w.
36. D p{y y rur.
Nu{u t p{y tuwy} ru{y} x t} y utpr|
qz |y~y r|~u ru{s {|ptp, ~ ~p t p{} r~u.
Pt { y rurp }s y |y y p}y y ~u{
t sy t p{r, stp {p{ ~r~p |pqt }pp }pp ru-p{y
~u { q|uu-}u~uu {puru~~} yxtu|y}, {p{ ~y p~~.
E|y ru{yz t p{ quu xp -~yq t y|~u -- {
y}u , q u tu|p {pyrz | -- | pu q~
u~ ~u|. N u|y u} ~uz}u y~ }p~ y|y yrp
qpp|~u {py~, ux |p rxrpu |{ wp| y tpt .
D| p{y t p{r yt }p|y ~pxrp~yu: "~pt~u }u|". Ap{-
ryu |ty y ~u~pryt -- xp , u pr y r ~u tq~u
|wu~yu: {pxp q y ruru prt -- x~py, qytu,
p |sp wu ~u u. K}u s, u|y |wyr rp|y
"~pt~s }u|p", rx~y{~u t sp |w~: ytu |yq
pxqyp, u} "~u tp tsy p|p~ ", |yq r|
"u ~u quxpx|yyu { tqu p|p~p" p}} . @ r ytp
"p|p~" rp| -- y |wyrz -- }wu yqpry r
pqu, y "utur" | ~p rp, {p{ q|y ~yuz~z
qp{y, {p rxt }p|p up rpy ~s.
37. B ~tu{y~t.
B ~tu{y~t -- tuy, p~ ryryu ry q~y y
pryu qu{p}y {uy}u~r {u~~} pxryy.
Kpwtz t p{ }upu ty r ~tu{y~tp (y|y wp|uu, ~u
ty|). R upt p~ry t| tyu|uz utr} p} ruw-
tu~y y|y tpwu y~y{} ttr.
Qpx~ryt~ r ~tu{y~tr -- }p|u~{yu }~y{y, q u -
uryu r ru~yy {|~z sp}}. Bx|u q~ uurt
p{y tuuz yx {|pp r {|p p~u {p. B ux |pu tur
r ~tu{y~tr ty {u~~z sp}}u. O~y rptp yx
~}p|~z |pwu~~z yu} u|ruu{y ~u~yz, y
t p{z, y } p|{yrp t|~yu|~}y t~}y.
Ot~y |ty xpryt r ~tu{y~tp} y tpyrp y} }u|{yu p{y,
t syu ux}u~ rpwp y} ryu~yu y u} p}} y}
pp{u. B qu} r ~tu{y~t -- }p||u~yu wur t p{r.
@ uu r {~yw{p yypyy y , {u~~u }ru~~u
pxryyu q~ y}uu }u tuuz yxyt~}y up}y
pp{up.
B ~tu{y~tr rpyrp ~p xpqpr , {p{ { ux, {p{ t~u
urp. B q|y~ru | pur r ~tu{y~trp y}uu }u rus
|y p~~uu pxryyu ut~y q~uz, y q|y~r r ~tu-
{y~tr r |ut uz wyx~y q}y tywu~y}y ~u rtu|u.
(T Yu~sp p r "@yx}p ...", s|. 6: "Qp~~yu su~yy --
r ~tu{y~t, |t u|y~s ryp~y, rxq wtpyu tyr|u~yu
r tu{} rxpu, -- p~r r|utryy ru}p xp t~}y
} .") N , y}y uup ryp, ~y y~y}p
q|ux~u~~.
L uu, }s tu|p tyu|y y yu|, xp}uyr r
uqu~{u qu q~y -- ~ps xy us t|~yu|~,
ru ~}p|~z sp}} q u~y, ~ ~y r {u} | pu ~u
{ wtu~yu z sp}}, ~u }up r qu
|ry r {p{z-~yq t u{|u.
38. D p{y y { | p.
K | ~z u|ru{ y}uu x~p~y, xpy}rrp~~u t sy,
u|ru{ }~z qu~ tqrp y p}u|~. P}
{ | ~z t p{ -- q~u tu|. V wu s, }prp { | p --
{p{ px { | p t| t p{r. Pprtp, "~u}prp { | p"
(p{ ~pxrpu}u "|yp~u y{ r" y .) -- wu t p{p, ~
t| t p{r-y~u||u{ p|r (xp }~ -- px~ryt~ s| y).
B qu}, t p{z r|u { | p r u|}. T}~u p
{p{- ~uu yx|yrp y|y {p{- ~pty r ~uz
xpupry ry. Ny{p{z qru~~z q{ | ~y ~u
xtp|y, } rustp t|pwyrp|y t t p{r: r | u}
| pu p|y ~p ~y r|y, r tu} -- y} tprp|y.
Kpy, rup t p{y y yu. Ruty t p{r tpwu u
ry ru|y{yu ypu|y. Oq~ q|yy, pyu ~p
}p|~u y|y, ~pq, p}p|~ u}.
39. D p{y y u|ysy.
D p{y st~ As . D p{ -- "qwyz u|ru{" (p{ p~u s-
ry|y ~p Q y). B Erp~su|yy: "A|pwu~~ ~yyu t }" (Mp. 5:3).
H~py, }~u -- qywu~~u Ct}.
Eu sr: "C|p ~ptp -- s|p Awyz." @ {p{ wu y~pu? As
t p{r wu t|wu~ q t p{.
Qu|ysy ur u t| t p{r. @uyx} -- wu ytu|sy t p-
{r. D p{y-puy sx t p{p}y-ru y}y. Ot~y t p{y
u} - ruu~, As u, t syu -- u} - ruu~,
us ~u. D p{y rustp r u}-~yq t ruu~.
K~u~, Asp, {uu rus, ~u. @ u|y y u, w, r
r{} | pu, ~u p{z t p{, {p{y} us y u Ayq|y.
40. D p{y y utrp }prz y~}pyy.
E|y spxu q|z ypw, x~py, ~p yu t| t p{r.
Bqu, }~u -- uqyu|y ~urst~u: y }p|. D p{r spxt
q|u. Kp{ q u ~t ~y ut|wy|y ~p wyu, ~pztu t p{,
{z uu { y. Mpru -- x~py, t| t p{r. Rutrp
}prz y~}pyy ~u |{ pyp~ ~p t p{r, ~ y tu|p
y: }y uqu uqyu|uz.
41. D p{y y |yy{p.
@. Hy~rur r "C} ruy{ " yu:
"Np|yyu quwtu~yz u|ru{p u yx~p{ y~u||u{ p|~z
~utpxryy. Tquwtu~y |y {}u~py xp ~uq~
~ tp~~u r|u~yu r us {~{u~y... Xu|ru{ quwtu~y}y
~usyq{, ts}pyu~, xp~ tu~ y, {p{ pry|, s| ."
T}~z |pspu, r u}- yqpu. O~ x~pu, r{p
yy~p ~yu|~p. Ny xp t~ ru ut|wu~yu ~ ~u p~u
wurrp wyx~. D p{ wu -- } u~y{ xp ytu.
T}~z tuwyrpu pty{p|~ |yyu{y tuzryz ~u yx
y, p yx-xp ruu~~y, xprp ~ p} y|y {p{z-~yq t
t sz }~y{ rus~u }~su yx us ust~~y rxs|tr.
D p{ wu ruu~ r ruz pru. O~ r|u{pu t sy t p{r
quwtu~~ y p~. O~y r}uu xtp ~u{u quru~-
~u trywu~yu y -- "tu|p yy". T}~u | u ~y}p |yy-
{ , ~ xppr| u t p{y.
Bv s wu Hy~rurp (y p} wu):
"I~u||u{ p|~z ru~ |q }pr trywu~yz u~ ~yx{.
Tru~ rwtuz p{y trywu~yz ptu{rpu~ r~ }p, y~pu rwtu}
~u p~u. T} rwt ~ wu~ |y t| s, q }u urp-
y r t p{p, rur us }pu t p{r, y q xpru-
rp rx}w~ sry s| y }~} ryt}."
42. T} y ~p|utru~~.
Kpyru |ty q~ s| , }~u -- ~u{pyr. Pyy~p s,
r-ur, r ut{y s y t ss, r-r r }, }
~uut{ pxryrpu y}u~~ {p{ {}u~py ~utp{r r~u~y,
r-uy, r |z {uyrpu}y }~ {pyr}y: {pyr
pxtpwp t, }~ -- t p{y.
D p{y px}~wp y~u~yr~uu, u} }~y{y -- } ...
y} |usu ~pzy "qp~s p~up" (y rq q|u,
y uqrp~y }u~u);
y~y}p }u yr xppy -- t| ~y |y{} |w~;
{pur ryp~y tuuz y }p| qu{y.
^px} ("Prp|p s| y"): "Pu} - ~u tpy |t}, yru-
wu~~} } ty, ~y r t~} yx tu| y, q|yr wu -- r tu,
{p{ q t p}p ut }yu|~p ytp xpqy }, q
q|ux~ } trrp~y ~u pp~|p |y{} y{. Ixru-
~, ~ Wyu~p q| ~py} rt{}, p } tz R{p y}u|
tuuz, q|uu wy ~p }p, u} ~p p, y~}y |rp}y, {p{
pry|~ xp}uy| ~u{, ~py t p{r."
@yu| ("P|yy{p", {~. 1, II, 19): "Put|pspu,
{p{ u|ru{p wtpu u|ru{, p wyr~s -- wyr~u,
p{ y y tyu|uz -- yz; ytp wu xpp
u}y { } , ~ tys~ s ~u }wu."
K {pxp~~} ^px}} y @yu|u} ~pt tqpry ~u{u
~u~y. Bx}w~, t p{y | p }~ tyu|uz y uwu,
u} s| , ~ ~p ~y q|u qpp r~y}p~y. K}u s,
r|~u }wu q, ~u{u } tu r~ p{r q|y
r tuzryu|~y ~u }~y{p}y, p urt }~y{p}y -- ~usy~}y,
q||yr}y, }~sx~py}y, }~}y, y}y t p{p}y.
B ru~u p{, qr yu r|u~y s| tuuz
r u} }~ r:
1) ~uut|u~~u r|y~yu s| z }puy, t sy s|
tru~~y{r;
2) ux}u~p xp~ p;
3) ruqp ~uyx~ { , uux "qy~usuyu{u"
rxtuzryu tpr|p pxryyu uqu~{p;
4) ~urpu~y p, yrtp us { {p}, {u
~p~ x~pyu|~u yyu{yu pr} uqu~{ ;
5) yr{p uqu~{p |psp ~p } tyu|;
6) ux}u~p xps wu~~ uqu~{p y~}pyuz, ~ywpp
rx}w~ p}u|~z }|yu|~z tuu|~y;
7) ux}u~u q|ps| yu |ryz wyx~y, tys~ u q|pstp
y~u||u{ p|~} q~} tyu|.
T} -- r ~r~} t { ~uy~uz, p {p{z tyu| wu|pu
~uy~uz ru} pt ?! ` xp r wyx~ ruy| |{ t~s
u|ru{p, {z xpr||: u|y |qy ry tuuz -- ~u pr
y} ~yus. N tpwu ~us q| rus |y y} ru} t|
t sy.
43. Dy{y}y~py }~.
By{ R rr r {~ysu "@{rpy }" yu q {xp}u~u, {z
u} y|y r C|pr~} pxrutrpu|~} pr|u~yy Rru{z
@}yy: "M~s xwu x~p|, u, { ruy| pry|~
q|u u} ~p 90 u~r rr, tp ~u y~y}p. Ou~
}~u ~u ~ w~." B rp} y pxrut{p, "qyrp }xsr", |pr~u
yu yt~uur uz|y, yptr xsu y t|r pqu|uz.
N }yr y |tuz yx "@{rpy }p" r|~u ~~. T}~s
t~ q}p~ psp~tz, xpwu z ytuuz. O ~us rus
}w~ wytp. R ~y} |~. T}~z -- |z rpy, |z
t s: ~ {|~u~ txurp p{y, ~ x|p}u~. B qu},
~us yty }~s r{y p~uz y ~u tqr. P} ruxtu,
stu }w~ qzy t p{}, pp t p{} y qty. Dpwu
}~y{y.
Rru~y{ rwt, "rqt~z tw~y{" y|y u ~y{-ty~{p --
r p}u ttyu yp|~u |y t| }~s u|ru{p. Np
y | ~ rr u uq |y{} ~u ~. @ t} ~y}
~u ~ uq rr t p{y.
44. Kp{ rwy }~}.
Lty, ptpyu ty~p{r} wu|} ~utp{} y|y ty~p{rz
wu|z q|ux~, ~uut{ quty~. E qur |u,
qur typquy{r, pypy p~~y}~ p|{s|y{r y . .
X|u~ y qur q}u~yrp yu}p}y rwyrp~y, ttuwyrp
ty~ t ss, sp~yx {||u{yr~u p{yy.
@~p|sy~ |ut u p y }~y{p}, ~ t~ utpry,
{p{y} qpx} y} tp. Kp{u q uwtu~yu t| }~y{r ~y
xtprp|, ~ |yq pxrp|yrpu, |yq xp|~u t p{p}y.
Pyy~ } }~s:
~ut|sru~ y }~yu|~ }p;
y~tyryt p|yx}, ~uqyu|~ }~y{r;
uyp|yxpy }~y{r, ~ux~pyu|~ qy y~uur;
}p|~p uq~ }~y{r;
yrtuzryu t p{r;
~uwu|p~yu }~y{r |w~ ~u~y t p{p}y;
u}|u~yu }~y{r }p{yrp;
xp t~yu|~ |yu~y qp{ry urt }~y{r
y su~yur;
y . .
Pyu}|u}z t| }~y{r -- x~p r uq~, ~u
rrrp, {p tr -u uqu tq~ t xuz y r|py
~u}~s urrp~yu, pp rwy}p q|u yx t ~
}p|u~{y ptuz. Ru}y rs|tu p{y}, {p{ ru, y y~stp
p pz~ y|xrp ru ~uq|u uy} ur. @ u|y
xp~uz}u | rtpuz |y~, ~pt tu|p
qpx~ ~y} t p{r. ^px}: "Iy~~ p tyu|u~ ,
{, q t y }u~}, ~u u}y q } tuu, u} tqpu
}u~} , { ~ytyu|~ pxtu|u ~utp{y | y
ruw|yr xpq| wtpu xpt~ ~u. N rut r } y y
s| ."
45. Hp{|u~yu.
Rp}u p~u qry~u~y } -- ~ zsr. Nu{ Rpu}
r {~ysu "Yy @ qy~t, y|y P uuryu x~p~y" yu:
| "E|y q~ t }p -- xp}upu|~z tp, |
| RPOROANORS] NE DTM@S] -- tp spxt q|uu ru|y{yz." |
Sp} wu:
"T} ru pu y y{pwpu, } ~ |~ wu|p~yz,
pr, ut quwtu~yz, y ru, ~ ry~y}pu, ~u}ut|u~~
y{pwpu u} y|y y~} wu|p~yu}."
"...yq{y rustp r| ux |p} rwu~y }u~p|~s
up: {pwtz px, {stp r}uyrpu }, ~ xpu}~u ru,
pxtu|u y xptuwyrpu. B {~u {~r, |u }~sy pwu~yz,
} z}u} px y ~prustp, } -- ~u tyu x~p~y, p |y
sp~yxp x~p~y, (...) y x~p~yu yty yx t ss y-
~y{p. Kstp } {u~, ru |rp, u, tuzryu -- yt
pr}pyu{y, pxyu|~z ~ y {. Pyy~u,
y~z, q|uu ru|z q urrp~y. Iq ~u ~yus
t ~s } , us ~u|x q| q tu|p | u y |~z
~utryw~y }p y r qux}|ryy, rqt~} }|y."
N ru-p{y, t }pu (?), tpwu |u p{z pryu~z {y-
y{y ~u |ut u |psp, }~y{y p}u|~ su~uy
}|y, p t p{y uy} ur ry~y}p y "}yrz
t y". P-ryty}} , t p{y r q|y~ru ru} p{ wu, {p{ y
}~y{y, rpqprp ry }|y uy} uru~~ p}y, |{
}|y ~y -- t p{yu.
Nu} ~p , q|ptp~yu }} tpu ~u{u uy} urp,
r u|} |ut u yx~p, } -- rut~u t| sp~yx}p
yxrpu~yu. Es ~urx}w~ ypry: ~pt wtp, {p ztu
p}. E|y q yxrpu~yu ~u q| y~stp y~, ~ ~u
s q|| q t p{z uu~y, { } rupu}
~u{ |y~uz.
T} rryu|u~ tq~ pxruz p~u. Kp{ p~p upsy u ~p
px~u rxtuzry uu, u} xtrp {wp, p{ y } xppr|u
uuwyrp , t| t p{r pu ~uyxru~}. Mwu, }
q|ux~, pxryrpp r|utryu ruwtu~y y|y rwtu~~s
tuu{p xpy~ }up~yx}r yy{y?
T} rpwtuqu~ wyx~y. Qpx }~z u|ru{ |us{ yty { rrt ,
}s~ru~~p }u qux } u~yz -- ~y ~u wu wyx~y,
~p|~u~~z tr|ry}y. O~ wyru |y "~p r{yz | pz" y ~u
rustp }wu quty uq u| xp wyx~ uu ~u}~s.
T} -- xrp yy{y. T}~z -- x~py, q|~z. ^ y~rp|yt. D|
rwyrp~y u} ~ w~ {u-{p{yu |s: t|~yu|~p wy||pt,
t|~yu|~z {, yqpr{p { xp|pu. T}~} }w~ tru
|{ y|~z t (y~u||u{ p|~z, | u ~pt}~z, tp|u
t p{r). Oq }~ ~pt }yr, y|y yx|yrp, y|y
qyrp -- {p{ yp|~ p~.
D p{y wu -- p s tprp. D p{y -- t~yu ~pyy.
Qty~p |qy ry t p{r.
46. P|ry y sr{y t p{p y }~y{p.
Q {yu:
D p{p y -- }urs |uy.
Az q{p uuty, {~ xpty, p t p{p ru ~.
D p{p} ruxu.
D p{p} xp{~ ~u yp~.
D p{r y r u{ry q.
D p{r pqp |qy.
Hppr t p{p }|y, p{ ~ |q pyqu.
P|y t ~s, xp ~y} t ss.
Py t ~z s|ru ~sp} { ~u.
T| w|yrz t p{ wu rpsp.
N ~p s -- t p{ xp pq .
Lpy~{yu:
Asinus asinum fricet. Ou| u q |p.
Damnant quod non intelligunt. O wtp , ~u ~y}p.
(Kry~y|yp~)
Dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt. E|y s|
{p qus , rptp r yr~z.
Fortuna nimium quem fovet, stultum facit. Ks |qy tpp,
s| uu. (P q|yz Ry)
Morosohi moriones essimi. Tu~u s| -- ~py tyu.
Vitu eria stultorum laus est. O wtu~yu s| r -- rp|p.
Barba non facit hilosohum. Atp ~u tu|pu } t}.
Incertus animus dimidium est saientiae. R}~u~yu u
urz t { px } . (P q|yz Ry)
Nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiae. Nu qrp|
ru|y{s }p qux y}uy qux }y. (Ru~u{p)
Vir saiens aequo animo injuriam fert. T}~z pr~t ~
uu~y ~uprut|yr.
Raras fecit mixturas cum saientia forma. Kpp ut{
upu } t. (Pu~yz)
47. Lyup p.
Ruqp~ Ap~t "Kpq| t p{r".
B|u "T}, }yu" // "Uy|{yz |rp".
`|pr Cpu{ "Pwtu~y qprs |tpp Yruz{p".
K|t @typ~ Cu|ruyz "Oq }u".
Ap|pp Cpyp~ "Kyy{~", "Kp}p~~z p{ |".
Qu~u Du{p "Qp wtu~yu }utu".
E{{|uyp "K~ysp E{{|uypp y|y rut~y{p".
@|u{p~t Hy~rur "C} ruy{ ".
@|u{p~t Hy~rur "K}} ~yx} {p{ up|~".
Up~y{ tu Kurut "Pywtu~yu y utu|u~yu t y".
Wuxp L}qx "Cu~yp|~ y }upu|r".
Mu~tu|u Mzu Ry} "P uuryu Bu~yp}y~p Suus".
Myu| M~u~ "O".
Uyty Nyu "K su~up|syy }p|y", "@~yyyp~y~",
"Sp{ sry| Hpp p".
^px} Qutp}{yz "Prp|~u |r s| y".
Rpu} "Yy @ qy~t, y|y P uuryu x~p~y".
@ Yu~sp "My {p{ r| y utpr|u~yu", "@yx}
wyuz{z } ty".
Dpryt _} "O ty~ru y ~yx}u~~y u|ruu{z yt".
48. Py|wu~yu: D p{yx}.
D p{ ryty |{ , u rytu, p u|y ~u | pu,
~ rpyrpu y sry, rv pr~ ~ p} u.
* * *
E|y {pwtz t p{ tpyrpu r ry }~u~y t }~u~y
rus uuu~~s ptp, { tp wu qu }~u~y s
ptp? O~y qu t p{r pyx}pyu{s yp, {u wu
tpyrp t }~u~y ptp, ~ tpyrp ru{y,
~p{|{ rx}w~ t| t p{r. P} q~ ~y{ ptp
t p{r ~u rty: y ru { tp- ~p~~ ~y, ~uut{ }up
r ru} w t p{yu {pz~y.
* * *
T}~y{ ~u v} sry uty~}|u~~y{p}y: ~ yu rxpwp-
y, q |xrp y}y t| ypr|u~y ry }~u~yz. D p{
wu yu p{y, {p{ p}, q r}uu uu|yrp yx s r
w~uu y yp {}|y}u~ t s t s .
* * *
T}~y{ IZES }~u~y, yrupyu us qru~~}: ~y tp u}
rx}w~ ruy y tpry uq, u p y|~uu.
D p{ wu p{yu }~u~y r | u} | pu ~u y~uu~, r tu}
rxrp pxtpwu~yu.
* * *
Dp|u{ ~u {pwtz t p{ r ~yy q|ps| ~ uu~y
rqt y yxqy|yu. B|~u rtuwyrpu |{ t p{ |u~yrz
y rtqpr{ }up~~z ~p p~u~yy xtr y quxp~y.
* * *
E|y r{pxp -, rtuu xp sp~y q~s uu|yrp-
~y yx s r w~uu, t p{ |yq ys~y u, |yq pxpwpu-
{}}u~py}y txpq~s pp{up, |yq ppu|~ rtpv
{p{ -~yq t } ~ uy~ ~p ||yp -- t| rus ruu-
~y, {p{ q t ~us wtp|y ~u{s q wtu~y, p ~u
p{p {p{z- up{yy (y|y uv ry) -- t| pyyu{s
vp s p{p r p}{p xp t~s y|utrp~y ~p u} "D p-
{y y - p}". Xq u{yr~ }p~y |yrp t p{p}y, ~pt
x~p, {p{ ~y upsy ~p u y|y y~u ruy, p uty~ru~~z
~ptvw~z { } -- {uy}u~ (u|y, {~u~, p} ~u
t p{ y ~u |yv~ p{y} qpx} rx}w~y ty t sy
uqu).
* * *
I~z t p{ quv y}yyrp }~y{p: tu}~y u y~uu
{ wy} }~u~y} y ~ytyu|~ { wy} yq{p}, t {pu
y~y ~u~y { p}} uqu y . t. Npt xp}uy, xp~yu
ruu~~ ~pp~u, } tp{ y{ u rxrp
~uyx~ t sy t p{r, ~ ~u }wu tqp t tr|ryz,
t ~ |y }~y{p}.
* * *
B qu~yy t p{p}y ~pt yrp, ~y ~y}p |y
u } rpwu~y }|y. K y}u , u|y t y |u}u~
y~yy ~u~y { p}} uqu, y ~pru~{p {-~yq t
r ~u ry} |y{ y} "N r rut, p} yx~p|!" Py-
x~p| r v}? B }, , r |yyu, t p{r, ppu
~uutrx y ruu| }u ~p uq y }y? Dp, tuzryu|~:
p}u, u} ~y |ypu.
* * *
Kstp t p{ r{pxrpu ~ytyu|~u wp|u~yu rt
ruz ~uq~y rpwp ~~} y y~} t| t p{r
qpx}, ~y {| z{: tuzryu|~ rut, uqu ~u
tp~.
* * *
Xu} q|uu }pv t p{, u} {u us "{yyu{yu" u|y{y.
B p}} tu|u, xpu} }~s |r, u|y xp {pwtu }s rpry
p{y} t}, tpwu ~}p|~u t p{y pp tuwp
~us tp|u?
* * *
X ~y {pwu, u t p{, {z uy, y} xp-
{|uz}y| uq {p{ xp{~u~~u y ~uypry}u ~ywur. Du| ~u
r uqu, p r ~v}: r us u}|u~yy ~p }ys uuwy u rr
qru~~s ru|yy, ~u y{ | y r s|r .
* * *
D p{y q~ yrp ~uut|y}u t~y ~y}p~yu}
|ry "Kp{ p {~u, p{ y {|y{~u": y qux}u~ pwpu
y rx} pu, {stp r ru ~y | p yq|yxyu|~ wu,
us p}y ~pp|y.
* * *
P{|{ t p{ q~ ~u ~yty t s, q rpwp
y~pu, u} t p{r y~, ~ r "u" xpp sp~yyrpu-
pxp}y yp "Rp} t p{!" y|y "O utupp | !" Np t p{r
r|~u tuzr u, p t p{ rut ~u yty, q |y~yz px
~psp rz TM.
* * *
D p{y rustp p xry ~u~p u}y |rp}y,
{ ptp|y q p}y. I} t~ ~, |ty qrp u~
px~u y ~u ru ry~y}p t p{r {p{ pr~ uqu y~tyry-
tr, p y |qy}u |rp -- {p{ -, y}uuu rpw~z }|.
* * *
D p{y rustp {}: xptu~ t~s -- y ~pquwy u|p rp.
P} t p{r | u rqu ~u sp, p u|y {p{s- rv wu
xpuy|, sr pxy r ru ~.
* * *
E|y xptu| t p{p, p qu}|u~~, } ~u{ tp:
r t s} }uu q t p{yu wu t p{y (p }wu q, uv tyu).
T {p t p{ q~ wu ~yus ~u tpv, } t p{
~y}pu uv urp~. Opv |{ qy t p{p s }up,
~p {p{} ~pty: r ~ptuwtu, r {~u {~r us {~tp{p
rpy y|y s|y xput.
* * *
D p{y rqu | uu~ rxpwu~y, ~ ~pyq|uu y|~
~y rx} p, u|y {p PQ@BEDNIX@S], u |qrp
qz ~p ~u s~ ~z ru}u~~y, p r ru} rt s {-
rpr|u ry y~y~u y {uz{y.
* * *
Byp~~z y qpxrp~~z t p{ ~y{stp ~u ~pxrv rus
~u~p |rq| t} y|y }puty}: ~u, ~ yrwu {
{p{z-~yq t }~y}z yq{u ~us y ~p~v ~ytyu|~ p
us r }, {p{ t|w~ pqp u|ru{p }xsy, q ~p rtu
q| |{ t p{u: |wyu|~ ry~y}pu}u y qu|ux~u.
* * *
T t p{r y~stp r| @QCTMENS\. Nu{|{ pury
~uwytp~~y, quxs|yr, {p{ pxtpr|u~~s pp{p~p xp ,
t~y NEXSO { s|pxp} y pyrpu: "^ -- ps }u~?!" "D@!"
-- st rupu "~u~".
* * *
Kstp t p{ rt s ~py~pu "ps }u~yrp", r{yz px tyr-
|u: xpu}?! B-ur, s|p t p{p -- y p{ s|p Awyz.
B-r, ps }u~ rv pr~ | p p{yu wu {yru, {p{ y
uxy, } y~y{ ~y ty~ y wu. ` qs |r ?
Nu, {~py xp{~}u~.
* * *
D p{ u rs|tu {u{z |y~ y q~ y|~ qu-
{y }, {p{ ry~y}p us { wpyu, u uy} -
ur p{yu wu t p{y. Au{zr ruu~~ ~pp~u
(}w~ {pxp, t p{u), {|{ ru~ | pz~
zy xp }~y{p ~p|{ ~ux~pyu|~p, u xp }w~
u~uqusp.
* * *
O{q|u~y ~ t p{p q~ {q| |y }z
|yup ~z r{ .
* * *
A|ps~p}uu~~z t p{ -- uv ~u qutryu. Autryu --
{stp q|ps~p}uu~~z t p{ {pxrpu rtqpr{ t p{} p{yr-
~}, u u}y {p{ }w~ yu pp~y rz |qy}z
~pq s| uz. Ayu ~ywp ~u |{ x|tuy uu{-
u~~}y t| }|uz yxy~}y}y, {|{ q|psqpx~u
t p{y, ~u }y} ryu "tq". H|tuy wu y q u},
tuwyrp y ~pu|u~y, sxus ~ywy ~p z
|p~uu rv {|{-~yq t utq~u y {|{-~yq t suu.
* * *
Puryy~p yp|~ q|u} -- t p{y y |{ t p{y, -
qu~~ t p{y qpxrp~~u y q|ps~p}uu~~u ( ~uqpxrp~~ y
~uq|ps~p}uu~~ }u~u rx}w~uz ry tup yry|yxpyy,
px yu|~u t| { wpuz ut). Rp}u rut~u yx qpxrp~-
~ y q|ps~p}uu~~ t p{r -- t p{y v~u ("uy~p|~
yxv~~u s| " yx p{ptu}yz y .): y s| y t{u|
pryu} ~p {y, { r ~r~} ~u y t p{y tu|p|y.
* * *
K qppu { t p{ py~p|~}y ps }u~p}y, p}
~utp|u{ ~us v|: t p{} ~pt M@NIPTLIQOB@S], p y~pu us
}w~ uu quty |{ | pz~. D p{ y yz, }~urpyz --
wu ~u ru} t p{: ru} t p{ rustp ruu~ r ruz p-
ru (qru~~, p{p ruu~~ y }wu | wy DORS@SOXN\M
yx~p{} t p{p). Bxs|t t p{p p{y yx}u~ ru}u~u}, ~
rustp -- r ux |pu }p~y |yrp~y.
* * *
C|pr~u |ryu up r quru -- ~y{stp ~u xpturp ~r-
~z }p t p{r. K tp q }p ~y ~u|, ~pt xpquwp
ruvt y xpup r s |ytur: stp t| q|y~rp
q tu r|~u y} u|ru{} -- tz~} s, q p
UICTQOJ.
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