Semantics Prove that English is a world language
Профессору оно очень понравилось и он не нашёл ни одной ошибки. Если Вам оно чем-то поможет в изучении английского, я буду очень рада :o)
As England, Spain, Portugal and France colonized the world, they established spheres of influence where their respective languages were spoken. English spread to North America, Canada, India, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. In these countries it continued to develop, adding newly coined words to the lexicon from native tribes by the process of folk etymology (i.e. “woodchuck” in the USA) as well as developing new words utilized only in the new locales (i.e. “sheila” – Australian for “woman” or “broad”). Other words like luggage (American English for “baggage”) started to spread to other continents. Immigration also played a significant role in the spread of English to various remote regions of the world in the last three centuries. Many immigrants to the US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, while becoming bilingual in their adopted countries, continued to support their large families overseas through letters, presents and visits home bringing with them not only “foreign ways” but foreign words. Additionally the presence of US bases worldwide, intermarriage of GIs and the natives, and British and US goodwill missions to many nations have established inroads not only into the culture of those countries, but an influx of English borrowings into their languages as well. In recent years, the Internet, Hollywood, and US pop culture continue world “Anglification”.
English based advertising and Internet sites show that in the 20th –21st centuries English became the language of business and commerce. Far Eastern Economic Review and The Economist even publish lists of English language misuse in business (i.e. – bloopers). A sign in a Thai tailor shop reads “Ladies may have fits upstairs” and the Chinese-English instructions on a box proclaim, “move box bottom side up and cut dashing line”. The French cringe in horror upon the sound of “le babysitteur” and the educated Russians sneer at “submarina” (an “underwater boat” already exists in Russian). The English “invasion” has been such, that Russia and France, have even tried to stem the tide to avoid the “bastardization” of their languages. Proposed legislation prohibits the use of foreign words where a native word exists. In my opinion, however, in the case of Russian, which absorbed scores of French words in the 18th and 19th centuries, legislation will not stop the influx of Anglo- and Americanisms in the 21st. Yet in India, English helps a Tamil and a Punjabi communicate, when their knowledge of official Hindi proves insufficient for the task.
Other countries, such as Lithuania and Kazakhstan benefited from the spread of American English and culture. Lithuania has not required a visa for US tourists since its independence and has made major efforts to attract foreign tourism. The singers of the Grateful Dead financed the T-shirts for the Lithuanian basketball team and the Arizona National Guard is helping Kazakhstan to train its military. The signs in Kazakhstan are in Kazakh, English and Russian. The Kazakh children are learning English in primary school. The preponderance of American English language and culture came as a shock to me recently. An Internet chess opponent of mine from a remote town in Ukraine send me an e-mail asking what does “trick or treat” mean and what should she wear to an American inspired Halloween party.
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